BRAINERD: STEMLESS VIOLETS OF THE SOUTH 3 
of the coastal plains. However, to my great surprise, I found it 
at three stations, 50 or 100 miles apart, in Oklahoma and Arkansas; 
and in the Biltmore herbarium I noted a specimen that came from 
Lufkin, Texas, in 1903. 
At Biltmore are also to be seen the aberrant forms of V. 
fimbriatula, on which Mr. Pollard based his V. amorphophyila.* 
The specimens were originally collected by members of the Bilt- 
more staff, and came from Oak Mt., Tryon, N. C., near the 
Skyuka Hotel (alt. 760 m.)—the only known station. Through 
the kindness of Mr. C. D. Beadle, one of his assistants was allowed 
to guide me to the station—a trip of two hours by rail to Tryon, 
and athree hours drive up the mountain. . With V. amorphophylla 
were found several familiar species: V. cucullata, V. palmata, 
and V. fimbriatula; also the two hybrids, V. cucullata x fim- 
briatula and _ V. fimbriatula X palmata. The V. fimbriatula was 
the somewhat peculiar form of the southern Alleghanies, having 
at the base of the leaf on either side one or two long slender teeth 
or auricles. Intermingled with these, and differing from them 
only in lack of pubescence, were many young plants of V. amor- 
phophylla. The query at once arises, how did this anomalous 
form originate. Many analogous cases lead me to believe that it 
is a Mendelian derivative from V. cucullata X fimbriatula, with 
which it is still growing—inheriting the leaf formof the one 
parent species and the glabrous character of the other. In con- 
firmation of this view I would state that at this station were found 
several plants that had the leaf form of V. cucullata & fimbriatula, 
but were unlike it in being perfectly glabrous—another derivative, 
still hybrid in part. Such a plant may be conveniently called a 
subhybrid; while a plant like V. amorphophylla, wholly rid of 
the hybridity in its parentage, may be called an ex-hybrid. V. 
cucullata < fimbriatula is frequently found in the North, appearing 
in two forms, according as the parent V. fimbriatula has the leaves 
at the base coarsely toothed or merely crenate-serrate. From a 
hybrid of the latter form I raised in 1908, and have still in the 
garden, nine offspring reverting variously, as respects the several 
pairs of opposed characters found in the grandparents, sometimes 
to one of them and sometimes to the other, and sometimes to the 
*Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 13: 129. 1900; Small, Flora of Southeastern U. S. 802. 
