6 BRAINERD: STEMLESS VIOLETS OF THE SouUTH 
each, those of V. septemloba were found to be 93 per cent. the 
heavier, or nearly twice as large.* (2) The leaves of V. Brit- 
toniana are palmately parted, all of the three primary segments 
being again twice or thrice split; those of V. septemloba are 
pedately parted, the ultimate lobe at the base often runcinately 
pointed downward. See PLATE I, FIGURES 3 and 8.7 
In accordance with a general rule discussed in the preceding 
paper, the leaves of V. septemloba are also heterophyllous. The 
older leaves on most plants when in flower are uncut, some of them 
plainly survivors of an autumn growth. Not infrequently vigor- 
ous plants with all the leaves uncut are found growing inter- 
mingled with normal plants. Specimens of these separated out 
might easily pass for a different species. Indeed, an intermediate 
form of V. septemloba, with leaves irregularly 3-5-lobed, was 
published as V. insignis by Mr. Pollard in 1898.{ Because of an 
earlier use of this name, Professor Greene renamed the plant V. 
vicinalis, recognizing that it was ‘‘manifestly related to V. septem- 
loba.’’§ 
But I find this 3-lobed form constantly associated with the 
typical form. In scores of large colonies along the Atlantic and 
Gulf coasts I have found some plants with all the leaves uncut, 
and some with all the leaves 3-lobed; and sometimes these two 
leaf forms and the usual 7-lobed leaf occur on the same plant. 
It seems to me, therefore, that V. insignis hardly merits even 
varietal rank. 
VIOLA PEDATIFIDA G. Don is entitled to a place in Dr. Small’s 
Flora, as it occurs not infrequently on the prairies of western 
Oklahoma. Of,all our cut-leaved violets this has a leaf the most 
pronouncedly multifid; and the cutting is rather on the palmate 
than on the pedate order, —— the name implies the contrary. 
* These t t. If we assume that both kinds 
of seeds have the same form and density, ie length having the ratio 2/1.6, thei 
volumes will have the ratio (2/1.6)3 = 1.95 +, making the seeds of V. ae 
95 per cent. the larger. 
+Le Conte says of his V. septemloba: ‘‘It is far more worthy of the pene pedata 
than the species to which that name has been applied by general consent.’ nna 
N. ¥. Lyceum 2: 141. 1826.—The primary segments of V. pedata are further cleft 
or incised in a palmate ee See PLATE I, FIGURE 6, 
t Bot. Gaz. 26: 334, with a good figure. 
§ Pittonia 4: 9. 
