188 BeENEpiIcT: GENERA OF THE FERN TRIBE VITTARIEAE 
tion patterns in a phylogenetic series beginning with Monogramma 
and ending doubly, with Anetium on the one hand, and with 
Antrophyum on the other. 
4. The more advanced genera show in their ontogeny successive 
venation stages similar to those noted in the phylogenetic series. 
5. The species whose ontogenies were studied differ from most 
ferns in beginning with a uninervate type, but usually they show 
secondarily the free dichotomous venation found in other ferns. 
6. The tribe illustrates clearly how one type of areolate vena- 
tion may have been derived from a free dichotomous type. 
7. In comparing the parallel adult and ontogenetic venation 
series, affirmative evidence for the theory of recapitulation is 
found in the inheritance in at least one primitive species of Vittaria 
of an unnecessary juvenile stage which in another more advanced 
species of Vittaria has been eliminated. 
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY. 
Explanation of plates 2-8 
PLATE 2. Illustrating tribal characters 
Fic. 1. Anetium citrifolium; portion of leaf, natural size, showing venation and 
meter of sporangia; from von Tuerckheim 0625, Guat la. 
gee PINTS angustifolius; 2, cross-section aps leaf, X 12, showing 
spate grooves; 3, portion of leaf, natural size, showing venation and arrange- 
ment of sporangia; both Underwood & Earle 1175, Cuba. 
Fic. 4, 5. Véittaria minima; eve natural size, to show venation and arrange- 
ment of sporangia; 4, Wercklé, Costa Rica (type material of Hecistopleris Werckleana 
Christ); 5, Enares, Costa Rica (type material of Antrophyum minimum Baker). 
FIG. Antrophyum nanum; single plant, natural size, Ts venation and 
arrangement of sporangia; from R. S. Williams 2826, Philippin 
Fic. 7,8. Monogramma paradoxa; a, spicular cells (after ciaheke ye 
Fic. 9,10. Vittaria stipitata; rhizome scales; 9, H. H. Smith 1112, Santa Marta, 
Colombia; 10, Wercklé, Costa Rica 
Fic. 11 Vittaria scabrida (?); W. R. Maxon 3313, Guatemala; 11, rhizome 
scale, x ca. 75; 13, spore much enlarged; 12, 14-16, paraphyses, much enlarged. 
17-22. Vittaria remota; R. S. William S 889, Panama; 17, rhizome scale, 
X ca. 75; 18-20, paraphyses, much enlarged; 21, 22, spore 
G. 23-25. Antrophyum semicostatum, R. S. atte: 2054, Philippines; 23- 
24, paraphyses, much enlarged; 25, spore, much enlarged 
PLATE 3. Monogramma 
Fic. 1-3. M. dareicarpa; E. B. Copeland 63, Negros, Philippines; 1, leaf show- 
ing venation, X 2; 2, cross-section of leaf to show sporangial groove, X 12; 3, whole 
plant, natural size. 
