BRAINERD: CAULESCENT VIOLETS OF SOUTHEASTERN U. S. 193 
stem of V. hastata is broken off when it first rises out of the ground, 
the root forms another stem which never bears hastate or deltoid 
leaves.”** Among LeConte’s unpublished drawings of Viola is one 
labeled V. hastata, bearing two stems from the same rootstock, 
one having the characteristic leaves of this species, and the other 
leaves more like those of V. striata Schwein. The picture 
impresses one as a monstrosity, and the statement as founded on 
a misapprehension. In my own experience in transplanting violets 
from the wild I have more than once been astonished at seeing 
incongruous leaves or capsules on what seemed the same plant, 
only to find on careful examination the roots of two plants of 
different species closely entangled. But whatever the cause, 
LeConte badly blundered in receding from his first judgment that 
V. hastata and Schweinitz’s V. striata were specifically distinct, 
a blunder that his successors kept up for nearly seventy years, 
and that appears in the latest edition of Chapman’s Southern 
Flora and the posthumous volume of Dr. Gray’s Synoptical Flora. 
Dr. Small, in 1897,+ was the first since the days of Schweinitz to 
make clear once more the marked specific difference between V. 
hastata and its supposed varieties. 
There have recently been attempts to separate out from V. 
tripartita glaberrima (Ging.) Harper two new species: V. glaberrima 
(Ging.) House,t and V. tenuipes Pollard;§ both, it seems to me, 
based on mere fluctuations or trivial differences. In the original 
description of V. tenuipes the petals are said to be beardless; but 
in my specimens of this proposed species, || the three lower petals 
are plainly bearded. The petals are also said to be quite free 
from markings; but in both the Auburn specimens and in the 
type from Chattahoochee, Fla. (seen in the Biltmore herbarium), 
there are brown veins on the spurred petal, as though the black 
lines seen in all allied species, had simply sigution’ out. 
eri eeenttintictieitesiraecmaineiinecn nner 
* V’. striata Schweinitz olim a me pro distincta specie habita: sed a cultura inveni 
ut mera et interdum fortuita varietas fuisset. Revera, si caulis V. hastatae abrum- 
pitur cum primum e terra prodit, radix alterum caulem fundit, qui nunquam folia 
hastata aut deltoidea producit.” ag Ann. Lyc. N. ¥. 2: 151. D 1826. 
+ Bull. Torrey Club 24: 404. 30 N 18 
tTorreya 6: 172. 26 Au 1906 
§ Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington a 1902. 
|| Greene and Pollard’s No. Am. Coe 33, Auburn, Ala., April 6, 1901. 
