BERRY: MESOZOIC FLORA OF ATLANTIC COASTAL PLAIN 419 
the Mediterranean region of Eurasia, and in eastern Asia, where 
there is a considerable massing of forms. 
OccURRENCE: East Washington Heights, District of Columbia. 
Co.LLectrions: U.S. National Museum. 
UPPER CRETACEOUS FLORA OF SOUTH CAROLINA* 
Although several localities in the State of South Carolina are 
mentioned in Vanuxem’s papert announcing the presence of de- 
posits of Cretaceous age in North America, these were all marine 
fossiliferous beds, and no deposits of this age are mentioned in 
Prof. Lester F. Ward’s exhaustive paper on The Geographical 
Distribution of Fossil Plants, published in 1889. That fossil plants 
were not entirely unknown, however, is shown by the mention of 
several localities in Tuomey’s Geology of South Carolina, published 
in 1848. In recent years Mr. Earle Sloan, State Geologist of 
South Carolina, has discovered several plant-bearing outcrops, 
and during the progress of the work upon which the following notes 
are based various collections have been made by the latter as well 
as by Dr. L. W. Stephenson and the writer. Collections were also 
made by Professors L. F. Ward and L. C. Glenn in 1897, and these 
also have been studied by the writer. 
The Upper Cretaceous of South Carolina, which is the only 
known leaf-bearing Cretaceous, overlies unconformably the Lower 
Cretaceous, which forms a belt of varying width extending entirely 
across the state along the southeastern border of the Piedmont 
Plateau. These Upper Cretaceous deposits assume two more or 
less distinct lithological phases, in part contemporaneous, and de- 
pendent for the most part upon the physical conditions accompany- 
ing their deposition. The initial Upper Cretaceous deposition has 
been termed the Middendorf member and includes the littoral, estu- 
arine, and shallow water phase of deposition at the commencement 
of the transgression of the Upper Cretaceous sea. These soon 
pass gradually into deeper but still shallow water deposits of 
sands and dark carbonaceous laminated clays, which have re- 
ceived the name of Black Creek beds. The latter are especially 
well developed in ne oheoinsiemis part - the coastal plain e 
* Published by permission of the Director of the U. S. Geological Survey. 
+Vanuxem, L. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 6: 59-71. 
