BLANCHARD: RUBUS OF EASTERN NortH AMERICA 427 
these plants and those in Vermont and New Hampshire are as near 
alike as those in New Hampshire are like those in Vermont. 
Equally typical are the sun-exposed, scattered plants on the Black 
Mountains in North Carolina. I visited the station from which 
Mr. F. E. Boynton collected the material which has been dis- 
tributed from Biltmore Herbarium as R. Millspaughii Britton. 
It grows in the shade, in a rather moist place, well up on the side of 
Mount Pisgah, and its rank growth is not unlike that of R. cana- 
densis in a moist shady place in Vermont. Though considerably 
beyond the flowering season, there were some fresh flowers at the 
spring on the top of Mt. Mitchell, the goal of mountain climbers 
in the South. Shaded by spruces, balsams, and yellow oaks, the 
resemblance to a Vermont station was nearly perfect. I did not 
see the grown fruit, but from specimens I have seen, some of it, at 
least, seems to be long and slender like that of R. alleghaniensis 
Porter, and such may be considered a weak variety which I here 
announce as Rubus canadensis Millspaughii (Britton). 
RUBUS ALLEGHANIENSIS Porter 
R. nigrobaccus Bailey. 
Until quite recently all forms of high blackberries were in- 
cluded under one name, and it was supposed that their variations 
were not sufficiently great to make it necessary to segregate any- 
thing and no one studied them. Occasionally a collector would 
label a specimen that seemed different from those common in his 
locality R. frondosus Bigelow, or var. frondosus, and rarely some 
one would write on his label R. suberectus Hooker. For many 
years our high blackberries were called R. fruticosus L., since 
Linnaeus had a reference to Gronovius, who considered the bush 
blackberries sent him by Clayton to be the same as the European 
brambles, all of which Linnaeus placed in one species. Those 
were happy days! No germ of the coming rubiologist had ap- 
peared. : 
Marshall and Manasseh Cutler described the high blackberry 
as R. fruticosus in 1785, and Walter, in 1788, described it under the 
same name. Willdenow, in 1799, continued the reference to 
Gronovius in his description of R. fruticosus and he copied Aiton’s 
R. villosus verbatim. (See under R. procumbens.) Michaux, in 
