BLANCHARD: RUBUS OF EASTERN NortH AMERICA 485 
description are in Rhodora 8: 217. 1906. The southern form, 
which is somewhat different from the northern, I described in 
Torreya 7: 55. 1907 as R. philadelphicus. 1 am by no means 
certain this separation should be given up. R. frondosus is 
abundant in and all around Boston. I collected it also in many 
other places in central and southeastern Massachusetts, and found 
it abundant in the vicinity of Providence, Rhode Island. It is 
scattered over much of Connecticut, is abundant in all directions 
around Philadelphia, and occurs about Lancaster, Pennsylvania. 
About Washington as far as Fairfax, Virginia, it was plentiful. 
Specimens of R. canadensis L., especially flowering ones, are found 
in northern herbaria labeled var. frondosus, for Torrey and after 
him Gray never recognized it as more than a variety of R. villosus. 
The total misconception Gray had of it is shown by the query “‘Is 
this frondosus?”’ ona sheet in the Columbia University Herbarium 
of a leafy-bracted raceme of R. alleghaniensis; that is, it is a long, 
normal raceme except that nearly all of the pedicels are subtended 
by unifoliate leaves, a form not rare if one is watching for the 
unusual forms. Beck and Eaton both accepted it as a species, 
as they made a rule to omit nothing ever proposed. 
Then there is an interesting class of blackberries found chiefly 
and possibly only east of the meridian of Philadelphia, from eastern 
New York to or nearly to the Gulf of St. Lawrence, of which no 
mention was made before 1824, when Bigelow published 
Rusus sETosus Bigelow 
Torrey and Gray accepted this so far as to make it a variety 
of R. hispidus on the strength of two specimens sent by Bigelow, 
and Beck and Eaton accepted it as a species of course. Since 
Rubus has been examined more carefully, within the last twenty 
years, the name R. setosus has been used as a blanket name for 
this whole class; but there is such a diversity of forms that the 
name does not convey a very definite idea. It has been proposed 
to divide it up sufficiently to make it possible to know by name the 
principal forms. In the New York State Herbarium at Albany 
there was (and is ) a specimen of R. hispidus, not particular- 
ly unusual, which Torrey had marked as var. setosus; so, when 
