NiIcHOLS: THE VEGETATION OF CONNECTICUT 255 
plain succession. The pond-lilies also are usually absent. Com- 
monly the first forms to appear are submersed species, such as the 
pondweeds (Potamogeton sp.), Vallisneria spiralis and Elodea 
canadensis, which may grow in water four or even more feet in 
depth. In shallow water various aquatics with aerial foliage are 
ordinarily conspicuous. Of these, the following species are perhaps 
the most noteworthy :* 
twee 
PReak eis Ff tg 
IG Flood plain island in the Connecticut River, at Haddam, The plant 
in the foreground is the wild rice (Zizania palustris). 
Equisetum fluviatile Scirpus validus 
Typha latifolia Peltandra virginica 
Sagittaria latifolia Orontium aquaticum 
Zizania palustris Pontederia cordata 
Scirpus americanus Polygonum Muhlenbergit 
While the number of species present at this early stage of 
flood plain development is relatively small, any lack of variety is 
more than counterbalanced by the luxuriance with which these 
———$$$_____— been omitted a number 
* From this and the two following lists have purposely : 
of species which, while peculiar to the Connecticut River flood plains, — too 
Or too local to be of importance in the present connection. The majority of such 
species, so far as known, have already been mentioned eleewhere (Torreya 13: 400. 
I9I3). « 
