STEWART: FLORA OF LADAK, WESTERN TIBET 577 
lected in Ladak and Yarkand. About two hundred and seventy- 
six of these are definitely listed from Ladak. 
A great deal of our knowledge of the plants of Gilgit, Skardu, 
and the Karakoram is due to C. B. Clarke (12), although he does 
not seem to have done-much, if any, work in Ladak proper. 
J. F. Duthie crossed the Zoji in July, 1893, visited Dras, the 
Deosai Plains, and went back to Kashmir via Bandipur. In his 
reports (16) he does not list many of the plants he found. 
A. Meebold entered Ladak from Kashmir via the Bhot Khol 
Pass in 1905 and explored parts of Suru, the Kangi region, and 
the road to Dah. He visited Leh and the Khardong, and has 
published interesting lists of plants (28). 
A number of other men who collected in Ladak did not publish 
anything of their findings. Among these are Lance, Cayley, 
Stoliozka, and the Moravian missionaries, Heyde and Jaeschke. 
Hooker had access to most of these collections. Mention should 
also be made of the illustrated works of Royle (31), Jacquemont 
and Hoffmeister. The last two did not live to reach Europe and 
complete their work but Jacquemont’s plants were published by 
Cambessedes and Decaisne (9), while Klotsch and Garcke (25) 
completed the work of Hoffmeister. Although none of these men 
visited Ladak they explored adjacent regions and their books 
are therefore very useful. 
Recent lists of plants by Conway, Deasy, the Workmans and 
De Filippi of the Abruzzi expedition give us a good idea of the 
flora of the Baltistan and Karakoram region and are useful for 
comparison. The paper by Hemsley and Pearson on the Flora 
of Tibet (20), which covers the work of Thorold, Prejevalsky, 
Hedin and the other Tibetan explorers, is very valuable. 
My own work was undertaken in 1912 and 1913. It covers 
Dras, Suru, Middle Ladak as far up the Indus as Upshi, and the 
region of Rupshu. The only districts that do not seem to have 
been collected in before are the Sapi, Rusi, and Yarungshan Passes 
in Suru and the obsolete road from Bosgo to Khalotse, via Ting- 
mogung. : 
Itinerary of my trips—I entered Ladak July 18, 1912, with 
three other men. We crossed the Zoji Pass (11,500 ft.) from 
Kashmir and followed the main caravan road to Leh (11,500 ft, 
