198 



CAPE COD GEOLOGY 



1879. 



1883. 



1884. 



1886. 



1887. 



1888. 



1888. 



1889. 

 1889. 



1889. 



Shows that Marthas Vineyard is a part of the great terminal moraine. Describes 

 the glacial deposits but recognizes no divisions of the drift into older and younger 

 deposits. 



The formation of Cape Cod: Am. Naturalist, 13, pp. 489-502, 552-565. 



A second discussion of the geology of Marthas Vineyard and other islands. In 



neither paper does the author recognize the presence of Cretaceous beds. Thinks that 



all pre-Pleistocene beds on the island are Tertiary and probably Miocene. Gives an 



account of the later glacial geology. 

 Chamberlin, T. C. Preliminary paper on the terminal moraine of the second glacial 



epoch: U. S. Geol. Survey, Third Ann. Rept., pp. 291-402. 



Makes the first announcement of the law of lobation, which played an important 



part in shaping the island. Shows the relation of Marthas Vineyard to the rest of the 



terminal moraine. 

 Heilprin, Angelo. Contributions to the Tertiary geology and paleontology of the 



United States, p. 1, Philadelphia. 



States that the Tertiary beds on Marthas Vineyard are probably a continuation of 



those in New Jersey. The map shows the whole of the island as "Marylandian 



(lower Atlantic Miocene)." 

 Merrill, F. J. H. On the geology of Long Island: Annals, New York Acad. Sci., 3, 



pp. 341-364. Paper read November 7, 1884. 



Attributes the folding of the beds on Long Island and the New England islands 



to the action of ice and the morainal highlands of the western area of Marthas Vine- 

 yard partly to deposition of gravel and sand and partly to the upheaval of stratified 



beds by the ice. 

 Whiting, H. L. Report of changes in the shore line and beaches of Marthas Vineyard 



as derived from comparisons of recent with former surveys : U. S. Coast and Geodetic 



Survey Rept. for 1886, Appendix 9, pp. 263-266. 



Contains data on shore-line changes along the south shore. 

 Penrose, R. A. F., Jr. Nature and origin of deposits of phosphate of lime, with an 



introduction by N. S. Shaler: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 46, p. 78. 



Describes the nature and occurrence of the "amorphous nodular phosphates of 



Marthas Vineyard" found in the Tertiary greensand at Gay Head. 

 Shaler, N. S. Report on the geology of Marthas Vineyard: U. S. Geol. Survey Seventh 



Ann. Rept., pp. 297-363. 

 The first thorough study of the geology of Marthas Vineyard. Does not, however, 



separate the Cretaceous from the Tertiary beds and thinks the deformation of the 



older beds is due to mountain-building forces. Recognizes the series of beds between 



the Tertiary and the Wisconsin deposits but does not place it definitely in the 



Pleistocene, preferring to regard it as Tertiary. 

 Clarke, F. W. [Analyses of clay, sand, etc., from Marthas Vineyard, Mass., collected 



by N. S. Shaler]: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey, 55, pp. 89-90. 

 Shaler, N. S. On the occurrence of fossils of Cretaceous age on the island of Marthas 



Vineyard, Mass.: Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard Coll., 16, No. 5, pp. 89-97, ills. 

 Considers the fossils found in the drift. Suggests that the lower part of the Gay 



Head section may be Cretaceous. The fossils are the first found in New England. 



that are regarded as of Cretaceous age. 

 Wright, G. F. The ice age in North America, 622 pp., New York. Review by W. M. 



Davis in Science, 14, pp. 118-119. 



Describes Marthas Vineyard as a part of the terminal moraine underlain by 



Tertiary deposits. Calls it a part of " one of the most remarkable true terminal mo- 

 raines in the world." 



