RYDBERG: PHYTOGEOGRAPHICAL NOTES 437 
Restricted to the Northern Rockies 
Shrubs 
{Ribes hudsonianum Ribes laxiflorum 
“  petiolare **  glandulosum 
Herbs 
Aquilegia columbiana Hedysarum Mackenzii 
formosa tOsmorrhiza Letbergii 
Aragallus foliolosus Pedicularis contorta 
Hedysarum sulphurascens Aster meritus 
4. COPSES AND BORDERS OF WOODS 
Shrubberies in the Southern Rockies are not common outside 
of the willow bogs, and the plants gathered together under this 
heading do not form a distinct formation but a mixture from 
several, especially of those of the aspen groves, the willow bogs, 
and the meadows. It consists in reality of the zone of strife 
between the last one mentioned and the other two. It is therefore 
not necessary to give a full list of the plants, but only advisable 
to mention the more common ones. 
Copses are more common in the Northern Rockies, especially 
along the subalpine brooks, where Alnus sinuata is the predominant 
species. 
Common to the Southern and Northern Rockies 
Shrubs 
Salix brachycarpa Distegia involucrata 
Vaccinium scoparium . 
Herbs 
Phleum alpinum “Olney 
Calamagrostis canadensis Carex Geyeri 
Langsdorfit Ross 
Deschampsia atropurpurea **  brunnescens 
Elymus glaucus Veratrum speciosum 
Panicularia nervata Vagnera stellata 
“ pauciflora Silene Menziesti 
Poa reflexa Moehringia aria ad 
‘*  leptocoma Draba nitida 
