506 ARTHUR: RELATIONSHIP OF GENUS KUEHNEOLA 
There remain the following species assigned to Kuehneola: 
K. Vitis (Butl.) Syd. (Vitaceae), K. Butleri Syd. and K. aliena 
Syd. & Butl. (both Anacardiaceae), K. Fici Butl. (Artocarpaceae), 
and K. peregrina Syd. & Butl. (Verbenaceae), for none of which 
has the writer seen an authentic collection. In the case of K. Fici 
the writer has already followed the lead of Butler* and Sydowt 
and accepted the statement made by Butler that the uredinial 
stage so common on the cultivated fig and other species of Ficus 
in the tropics is identical with the form associated with telia occur- 
ring in India on Ficus tomentosa, and has so listed collections from 
the West Indies.{ Carefully reviewing the excellent description 
and figures given by Butler, it seems that the Ficus rust has a 
telial structure essentially the same as that of the Gossypium rust, 
and should be assigned to the same genus. The same reason 
holds for a similar treatment of K. Vitis and K. Butleri. In the 
case of K. aliena and K. peregrina no paraphyses for the uredinium 
are described, but in all other respects the descriptions indicate 
a similar rust. Whether in this case paraphyses are entirely 
absent, or only to be seen by special manipulation, the writer has 
no way of ascertaining. 
By this interpretation of generic characters only five species 
remain in the genus Kuehneola, out of the dozen or more which 
have heretofore been assigned to it. They are three with hosts 
in Rosaceae (K. Uredinis, K. andicola, K. japonica), one in 
Bignoniaceae (K. Markhamiae), and one in Malvaceae (K. malvi- 
cola). The greatest importance is here attached to the structure 
of the telium, less to the urediniospores, and least to the absence 
or presence of peridium or paraphyses in the uredinium. 
This last item indicates an entire change of opinion by the 
writer regarding the value of characters drawn from the protective 
structures of the uredinium for generic diagnoses. A strong factor 
in founding the genera Physopella and Bubakia in 1906§ was the 
belief that the nature of the paraphyses or peridium, or their 
absence, was of high generic value, and the same opinion has more 
than once been reaffirmed.|| Recent studies of rusts with in- 
: - 12: 76. 1912. 
Tt Monog. Ured. 3: 323. I9r4. 
