426 Brooks : The Fruit Spot of apples 



" The disease usually appears superficially on the fruit as small 

 sunken brown spots scattered over the surface of the apple, but 

 more abundantly near the eye or apical portion. These spots may 

 appear before maturity, but usually are seen only after the apples 

 have lain in storage for some time, and tend thereafter to increase 

 in number and size. The spots usually vary in diameter from 

 two to five millimeters. The superficial spots usually lie immedi- 

 ately underneath the epidermis, which in the earlier stage of their 

 development is unbroken. Upon cutting into such a spot it is 

 found to consist of rather dry, dead and browned tissue, extending 

 into the flesh for a distance about equal to its diameter. Similar 

 areas of dead and brown tissue may occur scattered at various 

 depths in the flesh nearly to the core. Examination shows the 

 spots to be associated in their distribution with the occurrence of 

 the vascular bundles of the fruit. The browned tissue may have a 

 slightly bitter flavor in the older spots, but this bitterness is not 

 constant and in no case in our observation is it very decided. 

 He found that while the spotting was worse on Baldwins 

 on any other variety it was quite common on Northern Spies 

 occurred on Greenings. 



' Stewart's (12) description of the "Baldwin Spot" is quite 

 similar to that given by Jones. He did not detect the bitter taste 



than 

 and 



J 



The smallest 



spots might show no brown color at all but be indicated merely 

 by a deeper red color of the skin if situated upon the colored part 

 of the fruit, or by a green color if situated upon the lighter portion^ 

 At the time the fruit was gathered the spongy tissue was foun 

 only underneath the surface spots, but after it had lain some three 

 weeks in the laboratory many brown spots were found distnbu 

 irregularly through the flesh of the calyx half of the fruit, but no 

 in the stem half. Apples placed in moist chambers showed no 

 development of any fungus and pieces of browned tissue ra 

 ferred to various culture media gave no growth. No bene 

 results from spraying had been observed. In a later bulletin y V 

 an orchard was reported in which the disease had been a 

 entirely prevented by spraying. The most susceptible varie 1 

 were Baldwin, Northern Spy, and Rhode Island Greening. 

 Clinton (14) described the "Baldwin Spot" as showing 



I most 



