Brooks : The Fruit Spot of apples 427 



in the fall as small sunken rotten spots on the surface of the fruit 

 and later as isolated brown spots within the flesh, the tissue in 

 these often collapsing. 



In a later report (15) he described another disease of the apple 

 which he called the " Fruit Speck." This disease showed super- 

 ficially as small spots or specks scattered over the skin. These 

 areas of brownish dead tissue usually varied from the size of a pin- 

 head to a quarter of an inch in diameter and extended but slightly 

 into the flesh. He could frequently see small ruptures at the 

 center of the specks. Diseased tissue when placed in sterile cul- 

 ture media developed a fungous growth. The fungus in the 

 various cultures was apparently the same. Talman Sweets were 

 most seriously affected, Northern Spies suffered less, while Bald- 

 wins were injured but little. 



Longyear (11) reported a disease common on Baldwins and 

 other varieties in Michigan which he called the " Fruit Spot " of 

 apples. He described it as appearing in the form of small, cir- 

 cular, slightly sunken spots of a brown color. The brown dis- 

 coloration usually extended but a little way into the flesh of the 

 fruit and the affected part possessed a bitter taste. The spots gave 

 ris e to spore-producing pustules. Phyllachora pomigena (Schw.) 

 was credited as the cause of the trouble. Spraying as for scab was 

 found greatly to reduce the disease. 



Lamson (17) has published a number of reports on the " Brown 

 Spot of Baldwins " as it occurs in New Hampshire. He gave the 

 following description of the disease : " It is characterized by the 

 a Ppearance on the surface of the apple of numerous small brown 

 s Pots, varying in diameter from a sixteenth to an eighth of an inch. 

 Th e spots are slightly sunken or depressed so that the surface has 

 a Pitted appearance. They suggest the beginning of rot but do 

 not in crease in size ordinarily, though occasionally they do. The 

 dls ease appears late in the season. The chief injury is to the ap- 

 pearance of the fruit. This is often so much damaged that other- 

 Wlse P er fect apples become seconds." He found that fungicides 



practicall 



y controlled the disease. 



th 



F °r the past two years the writer has been making a study of 

 spotting of New Hampshire apples. The results obtained are 

 ^ Ven und er the various headings that follow. A knowledge of 

 e n °st is necessary to an understanding of a disease. 



