AMERICAN CODE OF BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE 177 
EXAMPLES.—Liguidambar is Latin-Arabic ; /imbristylis is Latin-Greek ; 
Actiniceps is Greek Latin. 
5. The names of hybrids may be written as follows: 
(a) A hybrid may be named by placing the names of the 
parent species or subspecies in alphabetical order, con- 
nected by the sign x; but in hybrids experimentally pro- 
duced, or in which the sex of the parents is known, the 
female parent is to be written first, and the sex indicated 
by the signs 9, &. 
EXAMPLES.—Carex debilis % virescens; Digitalis lutea Q X pur- 
purea &. 
(2) A hybrid may be named when desirable like a species or 
subspecies, provided the binomial or trinomial is preceded 
by the sign x, designating it as a hybrid. 
EXAMPLE.— Salix capreola Kern, 
(c) A hybrid between species of different genera may be 
named by attaching the specific name to the generic name 
of the female parent, or, if the sex of the parents is un- 
known, to the generic name coming first in alphabetical 
order. 
EXxAMPLE.— X Ammophila baltica Link = Ammophila arenaria X 
Calamagrostis Epigetos. 
(¢) A hybrid derived from parents one or both of which are 
of hybrid origin, may be named by including the name 
of the hybrid parent in parentheses. 
EXxAMPLE.—Salix (aurita < repens) X cinerea. 
(e) Preponderance of one parent over the other may be desig- 
nated by the signs >, <. 
ExampLes.—Mentha longifolia > X rotundifolia ; Mentha longi- 
folia X < rotundifolia. 
Section II. Citation of authors. 
1. An author-citation following a name refers to the author by 
whom the name was first published ; the author’s name may 
be abbreviated, but never in such a manner as to result in 
ambiguity. 
EXxAmpLes. — Spreng. for Sprengel, not Spr., to distinguish from Spruce and 
others; Michx. for Michaux, not Mich., to distinguish from Micheli; 5. Wats. 
for Sereno Watson, to distinguish from H. C. Watson. 
2. In the following cases the name of the original author should 
