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to these the two or three houses in the middle of the Down seem 
to owe their origin to the Race-course. . But to those who 
threw up the camps and earthworks, who once watched the 
enemy endeavouring to scale the heights but who have now for 
centuries lain buried beneath the various tumuli which are to be 
found there, Lansdown presented a very different appearance. 
To them it seemed composed of two broad plateaux connected 
by a narrow neck not more than 500 yards across. At the western 
extremity of the northern down is situated the Northstoke Camp 
whose broad terraces, one below the other, afforded space for 
manceuvering many thousand men. . 
_ The camp eastward of it may be Roman ? But is it not more prob- 
able that it is merely the remains of the cattle lagers of the inhabi- 
_tants of the other fortress ? I do not know whether the two barrows 
within the camp have been opened or any similar investigation 
made of those by Battlefield and the Lansdown Cemetery. 
Lansdown was from the earliest times intersected by roads and 
-paths.* The Gloucester road crossed it from end to end. From 
the very middle of Gloucestershire it passed down Frizen Hill and 
by the present Monument, and through the Roman Camp, which 
seems to have been constructed to enable its possessors to hold it 
against all attacks, while from the Chapel it pursued a direct line 
down Rough Lane and across the Old Bath Bridge to IIchester. 
Another road branching off from the Via Julia at Batheaston 
crossed the brook at Deadmill, came up Collier’s lane and thence 
across the Down to the Chapel and following the present footpath 
through Fair Close and Hanging Down to Beach joined the Via 
Julia again at Aust. A third road led from Weston direct to 
the Chapel, and there were paths more or less used leading in 
almost straight lines to Northstoke, Cold Ashton Bottom and by 
the New Bath Waterworks to Marshfield. 
The earliest mention of Lansdown I have been able to discover 
* Thorpe’s Map of Bath, 1742. 
