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gravel, with rolled portions of porphyry and granite, mingled with 
shells of existing species reposing upon the chalk. Mr. Samuel Ever- 
shed procured many of these shells, and the same gentleman discovered, 
in a layer of clay beneath the elephant bed at Black Rock, fragments 
of bone, which he considered to have belonged to the red deer ; also 
the pastern bone of the horse. A fossil tooth of the same animal, 
lent by Mr Lockwood, was found, when excavating for the main sewer 
in 1866, 15 feet below the Southern enclosure of the Steine, its matrix 
being coombe rock. A more recent discovery was the tusk of the Hlephas 
primigenius, at Hove, when draining the Stanford Estate in the autumn 
of 1869. Teeth and tusks of the mammoth had been discovered in 
Rock Gardens and many other lucalities. Its remains were also found 
when digging the foundations of St. Mark’s Church. There had also 
been found in the same formation the remains of the whale and ox, 
antlers and horns of the red deer in the Western-road, Lavender-street, 
and near the Barracks at Preston, and in a bank by the roadside at 
Patcham. The shells found in the old sea beach and the deposit 
above it were of an arctic type and in a very friable condition. 
Brighton Valley was once the basin of a considerable estuary, 
into which two rivers poured. This was proved by the excavations. 
First there was a dark-coloured silt mingled with flints, which, in some 
places, reached a considerable depth. Beneath this lay the chalk- 
rubble, rounded by the action of water ; and, embedded in this de- 
posit, were boulders of sandstone, some of immense size. Hundreds of 
these stones are preserved in the Pavilion Grounds, forming borders 
to the flower-beds along the pathways. Mr. Wonfor and himself had 
examined these silent historians of ages long buried in oblivion—of 
ages when the tumultuous waves of an Arctic Sea dashed with im- 
mense force up the Brighton Valley ; when the London and Lewes 
roads were the outlets of the waters that denuded the Weald, rolling its 
sandstones for miles along their channels into the estuary which then 
covered the Valley. 
These stones were composed of grains of quartz, the wreck of 
paleozoic or plutonic rocks, brought down into the Wealden estuary by 
that mighty river, which, probably, flowed through an immense con- 
tinent lying where the Atlantic now rolled her deep and mighty waters. 
Ninety-five of these stones in every hundred were, to the best of their 
judgment, composed of calcareous grit or sandstone. One, of im- 
mense size, was found in the Lewes-road, opposite Park Crescent. 
