28 
Verrucaria ochrostoma, found that month by Mr. Davies in the Weald 
of Sussex. This lichen had been lost until then, not having been met 
with since Borrer first found it in Sussex in 1850. It was also 
mentioned that drthonia Spadicea, new to Sussex, was found by Mr. 
Davies on December, 1872, in Ashdown Forest, near where Cadlicium 
septatum grows; and that he had found Lecanora Hageni with L. 
sophodes, var. lecideotdes, near Cuckmere. 
Mr. WONFOR reported that Mr. Willett had sent him, for examina- 
tion, the second example of /éguda ovadis, found at a depth of 294 feet, 
in the Sub-Wealden boring. It was believed that they had reached 
the Kinmeridge Clay, and some had thought they were nearing the 
Paleozoic rocks. : e 
NOVEMBER 17TH. 
MICROSCOPICAL MEETING.—MR. W. H. SMITH ON 
OPIUM ALKALOIDS. 
Opium, whether derived from the white or black varieties of 
‘Papaver Somniferum was a very complex substance, consisting of one 
or two Acids and anumber of Alkaloids. Morphine, Narcotine, Codeine 
Narceine, Meconine, Thebaine, Opianine, Papaverine, and Porphy- 
roxine, had been long known, but Apomorphine, Chlorocodine, Coda- 
mine, Cotarnine, Cryptopine, Hydrocotarnine, Lanthopine, Laudanine, 
Laudanosine, Meconidine, and Protopine, were new Alkaloids but 
little known. 
If a drop of asolution of Opium evaporated to the consistency of 
treacle be placed on a glass slide, and a thin glass cover be gently 
pressed down over it, crystals of the different alkaloids would be formed. 
While a solution of opium in weak spirit contained all the alkaloids 
known to possess medicinal properties, the different alkaloids were 
found to possess different properties. Thus, while crude opium was , 
narcotic, narcotine, a very abundant alkaloid, was not a narcotic, but 
a tonic, similar in its action to quinine, Thebanine had a convulsive 
