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“service and truth.” Thus Giles Hungerford, son of Giles 
Hungerford, late of Wellow, Gent., deceased, bound himself 
apprentice to Fabian Hill, of Bristol, mercer, and his wife, in 
March, 1653, under a bond of £500, given by his mother, and in 
the same year Jock Samborne, of High Littleton, yeoman, stipu- 
lated with the Bristol Clothier, Thos. Goldsmith, and his wife, 
that his son Joseph should have two suits of clothes a year 
instead of one. No apprentice, by the order of the Common 
Council of London, 1582, might wear any apparel save at his 
Master’s cost and appointment, and the fashion and quality of 
such was clearly defined. No jewel of gold or silver was per- 
mitted nor was there allowed to be any trace of silk in or upon’ 
his garments, nor might he carry sword or dagger, only his 
meal knife; and this was but the renewal of an old regulation, 
for fines were paid in London for breaking these rules as 
early as 1463. 
The Master might correct his apprentice according to law, 
which for the first offence might be some convenient punishment, 
followed by whipping in the Common Hall for further offences, 
and six months longer service for persistent wrongdoers, but 
when an Exeter Taylor chastised his apprentice so far as to bruise 
his arm and break his head he had not only to pay a fine to the 
craft but to give the sufferer 15s. and a month’s board beside 
paying his doctor. Tempora mutantur et nos mutamur in illis. 
Sometimes an apprentice objected to this rather rough treat- 
ment ; thus Joseph Hollie, which was bound apprentice to John 
Bence, a Bath Taylor, went away from him at Christmas, 1678, 
just as Thomas Stevens had done from the same Master in 
September, 1673. Perchance Bence was a hard man although 
Warden of the Company, 1667, and Master in 1671. The 
apprentices who had left in this sudden manner being unable to 
keep shop in the towns, often settled just outside, and diverting 
trade established, in company with the journeymen, a formidable 
competition of unregulated labour, 

