44 TRANSACTIONS OF THE [NOV. 16, 



engaged liim to travel through the Russian provinces in Asia in 

 ordier to investigate the natural productions of the region. Hav- 

 ing a munificent patron, his works received the most elegant 

 attention from the publishers, and were translated into French 

 and English. Pallas was doubtless the most accomplished natu- 

 ralist of the Linnwan school. Though not an original worker or 

 discoverer, he accomplished an amount of useful work in other 

 directions. In this year, 1779, two other authors ai)peared, 

 Schroeter and Born, whose works are illustrated by tiguies on 

 shells; the former on " river shells." 



It is notable that the very last work on entomology published 

 in England that is ari'anged in accordance with the Linna3an sys- 

 tem, " The Natural History of the Karer Insects of Georgia, Col- 

 lected from Drawings and Observations of Mr. John Abbott." 

 London, 1797, two volumes, folio, J. E. Smith and Abbott, 

 was acknowledged to be the best and most beautiful of any extant 

 but few years since. The editor of this puljlication, Sir James 

 Smith, was the possessor of the Linnrean museum, and the ori- 

 ginator of the Linnasan Society. His labors are mainly con- 

 nected with botany, but in entomology he is favorably known. 

 The plates of his work are the last and best of the eminent Har- 

 ris. The three volumes of Sepp and those of the latter author 

 were considered to be eminently superior to all others. 



Berkenout, ''Synopsis of the Natural History of Great Britian 

 and Ireland," London, 1795, two volumes, 8vo, and tlie plates 

 of Lewin, father and son, "Natural History of Lepidopterous 

 Insects of New South Wales," London, 1805, one volume, 4to, 

 are of permanent usefulness. 



Otto Fabricius is a name familiar from the earliest of the 

 students' observation. His '^ Fauna Groenlandica," 1790, is 

 valuable in itself, and for a time was alone in its theme. Olivi, 

 two years afterward, wrote on the marine objects of the Gulf of 

 Venice, presenting new shells and Crustacea. 



Ernst and Engrammelle, " FapiUon.s d'' Europe, peints d'npres 

 Nature," Paris, 1779-93, eight volumes, royal 8vo. This is a 

 remarkably fine work. Some portion of Volume VIII. is ex- 

 ceedingly rare. The letter-press is by Father Engrammelle, an 

 Augustine monk, and is simply the descri])tion of the ligures. 

 The work of Esper, a painter of Nuremberg, Erlang, 1777-94, 

 "Lepidopterous Insects of Europe," is similar to the latter. 

 Five volumes were published. The work is scarce. A third ex- 

 pensive volume on the Le!)idoptera of Europe, by Ili'ibner, was 

 produced at this time. He was a German draughtsnum, and is 

 credited with having produced more on this subject than any 

 other of the time. 



In 1782, a voluminous and expensive work was commenced by 



