ILLUSTRATIONS. 



Fig. I. An Archaic Gem, probably Parthian (Paris Coll., 1264,2 ; 

 cf. ImJtoof-Blumer tend Keller, PI. xxi, 14). 



Fig. 2. Tetradrachm of Eretria (Z>'. M. Cat., Central Gr., 

 PI. xxiii, i). 



Both these subjects represent a bird on a bull's (or cow's) back, in my 

 opinion the pleiad in relation to the sign Taurus {vide infra, p. 31). In 

 Fig. 2 the bull is turning round, to symbolize the tropic ; in Fig. i it is in 

 the conventional kneeling attitude of the constellation Taurus, as Aratus 

 describes it \2\i. 517) — 



Tavpou 5« OKeXfCDV oaarj Trepi<paivfTat o/cA.d£, 



or in Cicero's translation — 



' Atque genu flexo Taurus connititur ingens.' 



Compare also, among other kindred types, the coins of Paphos, showing 

 a bull with the winged solar disc on or over his back (/^ev. Num., 1883, 

 p. 355; Head, H. Nu?nonim, p. 624, &c.)- 



Figs. 3, 4. A coin of Agrigentum, with Eagle and Crab (Head, 

 H. Ninnoruni, p. 105). Aquila, which is closely associated with 

 Capricorn (cf. Manil. i. 624), sets as Cancer rises: it may figure, 

 therefore, as a solstitial sign. 



Fig. 5. Coin of Himera, before b.c. 842, with the Cock (Head, 

 H. Niimorttm, p. 125 ; cf. infra, p. 26). 



Fig. 6. Athenian Tetradrachm, with Owl, Olive-twig, and 

 Crescent Moon (Head, p. 312; cf. infra, p. 46). 



Fig. 7 [on title). Decadrachm of Agrigentum. Cf. Aesch. Agam. 

 1 10-120 {vide infra, p. 8). The reverse of the coin shows Cancer 

 associated with the solar Quadriga. 



