42 A GLOSSARY OF GREEK BIRDS 



TEPANOI {continued). 

 Arist. H.A.iii.i2, 5i9,cf.DeGen.v. 5,785, PIin.x.42 (29), Solin.c. 10. Its 

 noisy cry, Arist. De Acoust. Soo ; frag. 241, p. 152 a : cf. II. iii. 3, Antip. 

 Sidon. xvii, Q. Smyrn. xiii. 104, Ar. Av. 710, Virg. Aen. x, 265, Mart. 

 Ep. XXX ; Lucret. iv. 182 ; in Carm. De Philom. grus gruit ; &.Q.. With 

 ep. /3coAoK07rof, Cratin. 2. 20. 



A smaller species in the Balearic Islands, called Vipio, Plin. x. 



49 (69). 



Gregarious habits: ayiKnlov, H. A. i. i, 488, iv. 12, 597b; TroXtnicoi/ 

 Kai v<p' rjyfjxovi, i. I, 488. Pugnacity : fights with the eagle, II. xv. 692, 

 O. Smyrn. xiii. 104, Ael. iii. 13; and with its own kind, H. A. ix. 12, 

 615 b. Its flight is lofty, ovpavoOi npo, II. iii. 3; cf. Hes. Op. 446 evr 

 av yepdvov (jiu>vr)i' ennicovcrjjs, ''Y\j/udtv eK ve(j)toL>v iviavcria KeKXrjyvirji (with 

 which cf. Pind. Nem. vii el n nepitv depdeh dveKpayov); Aes. Fab. 397 

 aa-Tpoou eyyuj inTap,ni, Arist. H. A. ix. lo, 614b, Avian. Fab. .XV Ast 

 ego deformi sublimis in aera penna, Proxima sideribus numinibusque 

 feror ; Ael. iii. 14, Plin. x. 23, Isidor. Origin, xii. 7 ; see also Horap. 

 ii. 98, where a watcher of the stars is said to be symbolized in Egypt 

 as a crane, v^rjXais yap ttuw InTOTai, li'<i dedarjTat to. P€(pr], pn] lipa )(^(ipd(j], 

 "ivn iv rjcrvx^ia dinpevrj : flies against the wind, Arist. H. A. viii. 13, 597. 

 Lays two eggs, ib. ix. 12, 615 b ; ov dvyKuOdaris Trjs drjXeiai enijSaivei 

 TO (ippev, ib. V. 2, 539 b. 



Migrations. — Arist. H. A. viii. 12, 597 earon leaver iv eK roiv ^KvdiKav 

 Tre8io)v els ra eXrj ra ava Tr]S hlyinvTOV (cf. Herod. ii. 22). A fuller account, 



how they alight before foul weather, how they have in front a leader, Ka\ 

 Tovs enuTvplTTovTas ev rots eVx^Tois : how when sleeping they stand first on 

 one leg and then on the other : how while they rest the leader keeps watch, 

 Arist. H.A. ix. 10, 614b: cf. frag. 241, 1522 a, Antig. H. Mirab. 46; 

 and how their discipline taught men the rules of government, Ael. iii. 14. 

 Cf. in particular Eur. Hel. 1478 At/3ves oluiVoX erroXaSes op^pov Xiiroicrnt 

 )(eipepiov v'laaovTUL TTpea^vTara avpiyyi ireidopevai iroipevos, &C. How they 

 fly aloft in the form of a triangle, with the old in front, the young in the 

 middle, Ael. iii. 13, Plut. De Sol. Anim. IVIor. 967 C, 979 A, Dion. De 

 Av. ii. 17, iii. 11. The distance they traverse, crossing the Euxine 

 between the promontories of Criumetopon and Carambis, Plin. x. 30 : 

 from Thrace to the river Hebrus, Ael. ii. i ; cf. Diog. Perieg. 155 a'l 

 T apfpOi) ^vvinaiv eviivrini, ov pev eovcrni 'iyyvdev, dW oaov oXkcis eVt rpiTOv, 

 Tjpap dvv(T(Tr]. The migration from Thrace takes place tov MmpaK- 

 Tqpiavos, Arist. H. A. viii. 12 ; (pdivoncopov j]8r] peaovvros, Ael. iii. 13. 



The flock was supposed to represent a A or other letters ; cf. Philostr. 

 Heroic, xi. 4, p. 710 ai yepavoi paprvpovrai rols 'Axaiois on avrai ypdpnarn 

 fvpov: cf. Claudian. De B. Gild. 477 ordinibus variis per nubila texitur 

 ales Littera, pennarumque notis inscribitur aer ; Lucan v. 712, Martial 

 ix. 14, xiii. 75, Sec, iS:c. See also Bochart, Hieroz. ii. p. 78, G. J. Voss, 



