•24 MANUAL 



into anotlicr — that, really, we have come to unite these two 

 into one, and shall speak hereafter only of the LAND 

 BIRDS and the WATER BIRDS. 



Nearly everv writer upon scientific subjects uses different 

 names for the different divisions into which he separates his 

 subjects. These names with one are often applied in exactly 

 the reverse order with another writei- upon the same subject. 

 We shall endeavor to be consistent in our use of all ternis. 



We will illustrate, then, the manner in which the various^ 

 terms are used as follows : 



KINGDOM Animal, 



SUB-KINGDOM Vertebrate 

 GROUP Aves or Birds, 



SUB-GROUP Carinate Birds, 



CLASS (Carinate Birds have two classes, the 

 Land Birds and the Water Birds). 

 SUB-CLASS (the Land Birds only are thus 

 divided, into Aerial and Ter- 

 restrial Birds). 



The thi-< e SuV)-( 'lasses are usually designated as follows : 



I AERIAL BIRDS OR INSESSORES 

 II TERRESTRIAL BIRDS OR CURSORES 

 III AaUATIC BIRDS OR NATATORES 



Again, the Birds of North A>rEKi('A belong to 

 ELEVEN DIFFERENT (JRDERS. 



Each Sub-Class has its own distinct Orders, let us tabu- 

 late them, then, togetlier, 



SUB-CLASS I AERIAL BIRDS 

 ORDER 1 PASSARES or Perchers. 



2 PICARI^ or Picarian Birds. 



3 PSITTACI or Parrots. 



4 RAPTORES or Birds of Prey. 



5 COLUMB-ffi or Dove-like Birds. 



