20 BUTTERFLIES 
roads, where, like many other butterflies, they are attracted 
by liquid manure. They are so eager for this substance that 
they return immediately to it if driven off. The Limenitis 
Arthemis is at once distinguished from the ursula by the 
possession of a white band over each wing, upon both 
upper and lower surfaces. (Fig. 2, plate II). 
A third species, much more common than either, is the 
well-known Disippus Butterfly or Viceroy (Limenitis disip- 
pus Godt.). The larva of this insect occurs in large num- 
bers on our willows. Here the young caterpillar winters 
over in a little self-made cell or hibernaculum (Fig. 20, c). 
Occasionally the caterpillar is also found feeding on the 
leaves of the plum tree. 
Fig. 20—Limenitis disippus; a, caterpillar; b, chrysalis; c, hibernaculum., 
The Disippus Butterfly (Fig. 5, plate I and Fig. 19) 
resembles very closely the large milk-weed butterfly 
shown in Figs. 4 and 16, and as the latter is not 
eaten by birds this similarity in color and markings 1s 
a good protection, and as a_ result of this the 
Disippus is much more common than the closely allied 
species not thus protected. It is of a warm, orange-red 
color, with heavy black veins, and a black border with. 
white spots. Fig. 20 shows the caterpillar and chrysalis of 
disippus; those of the two other species resemble them very 
closely. 
