62 CLEAR-WINGED MOTHS. 
rapidly grows to its full size, being after the long enforced 
fast much more voracious than during the previous season. 
This great appetite is soon felt by the plants; many canes 
with flowers and partly expanded foliage show by their 
small leaves and their yellowish appearance that they are 
suffering from the insidious enemy in their interior. Most 
of the canes attacked soon die, or are broken down by the 
first wind or heavy rain. The larger ones may remain alive 
for another year; but are certain to die later, as a hole 
through which the winged borer has issued permits the en- 
trance of rain and this moisture, in combination with para- 
sitic or other fungi, soon starts decay, as may be seen by 
the black interior of such tunnels. 
The larva, when full grown, prepares for pupation by 
first eating a hole through the cane so as to permit the fu- 
ture moth to escape. If this were not done the moth, which 
has no mouth, or at least only a rudimentary one and 
which is consequently unable to eat its way out of the cane, 
could not leave at all. After providing for such an exit, 
this hole is slightly closed from within with bits of wood, 
and the larva changes to achrysalis or pupa, as is shown 
in the illustration. 
The pupa is of a light brown color. In the illustration 
an empty one is shown projecting from the hole or exit pre- 
pared by the caterpillar. The peculiar spines enabling it to 
move are also shown. The two long processes seen in the 
illustration are simply the sheaths in which the long antennz 
were hidden; before the moth issued, these were soldered to 
the sides of the pupa and were not more prominent than the 
encased wings and legs. 
Towards the end of May or during June, according to 
the climatic conditions prevailing at the time, the pupa 
forces its way partly out of the tunnel of the cane and 
pushes away the plug closing the exit. This movement is 
made possible by the rows of spines found upon the abdom- 
inal segments. The pupa is now partly outside of the cane 
