74 ZYGAENIDS; FOOTMAN MOTHS; WOOLY BEARS. 
slow and unsteady. Wherever this insect occurs in large 
numbers it becomes quite injurious, but as it leads a social 
life in its caterpillar-state it can readily be destroyed by the 
use of arsenical poisons. Fig. 71 shows the different states 
of this insect; the moth is also snown in Fig. 72, Plate IX. 
FAMILY ZYG/ENIDZZ OR ZYGZENIDS. 
But few species of these moths occurin the United States, 
and none are destructive to fruit trees. They are distin- 
guished from the allied families by the structure of the hind- 
wings, which are in some cases greatly reduced in size, as 
shown in the illustration of the Scepsis fulvicollis Hbn. (Fig. 
72, Plate IX), a black moth with fulvous color, frequently 
seen on the flowers of the golden-rods. A larger species, the 
Ctenucha virginica Charp. is shown on the same Plate in 
Fig. 72. 
FAMILY LITHOSID OR FOOTMAN MOTHS. 
This family includes small moths with rather slender 
bodies, filiform antenne, and usually narrow fore-wings and 
broad hind-wings. They are closely allied to the next family. 
Usually they are of sombre colors, though some are rather 
highly colored. Their larvee are cylindrical, covered with 
short and stiff hairs, and most of them feed upon lichens. 
None are destructive, but to give an idea of their general 
appearance one of the most common species, the Striped 
Footman (Hypoprepia fucosa Hbn.) is shown in Fig. 72 
on Plate IX. It is of a deep scarlet color, with three broad 
and lead-colored stripes on the fore-wings not shown in the 
photograph. 
FAMILY ARCTIIDAZ OR WOOLY BEARS. 
The Arctiids, also called Wooly Bears and Tiger-moths, 
are stout-bodied moths, with moderately broad wings, 
which are usually spotted or striped. Some of them are 
