CARPENTER-MOTHS. 147 
color, with the hinder and inner edges of the fore-wings and 
the outer edges of the hind-wings deeply notched; these 
notches are edged with white. Both pairs of wings are 
crossed by a rather broad, interrupted whitish band, which 
on the fore-wings does not always reach the front: margin. 
In the female the pale bands and dark lines are sometimes 
wanting, the wings being almost entirely of a red-brown 
color. The moth measures with expanded wings nearly 
one inch and three-quarters across. 
The white eggs have peculiar black markings and are 
most beautiful objects under a magnifying glass. They are 
deposited on the leaves of the apple, cherry and oak late in 
June. The caterpillar is also very difficult to detect, as it 
hides during the day on the twigs of trees and is only 
active at night. It possesses a broad body, convex above~ 
and perfectly flat beneath, which, when fully extended, very 
closely resembles a natural swelling of the bark. It is of au 
ash-gray color fringed close to the under side on each side 
with tufts of blackish or gray hairs, springing from project- 
ing tubercles. The caterpillar (Fig. 134) is easily recognized 
by a bright scarlet and velvety band on the posterior part 
of the third segment, and by a’ similar one on the fourth; 
both of them are only visible when the larva is crawling. 
There are a number of small tubercles on the segments from 
which grow tufts of grayish hairs mixed with white ones. 
The under side of the caterpillar is orange colored, with a 
central row of square blackish spots. The mature larva 
measures fully two inches in length. It spins a peculiar 
gray cocoon which looks very much like a slight swelling of 
the twig to which it is fastened. The brown pupa remains 
in it until the month of June of the following year. This in- 
sect feeds on apple, poplar and some other plants. 
FAMILY COSSIDAZ OR CARPENTER-MOTHS. 
Moths of this family are, according to recent writers, 
~ . 
very low in the scale of development. The adults, also 
