PYRAUSTID®. 213 
white; the under side of both wings is paler. With 
expanded wings the moth measures about seven-tenths of 
an inch across. There is but one annual generation. 
Notwithstanding the protection of this snug case the 
caterpillar is by no means secure from enemies and several 
parasites are known which keep this insect in check. The 
insect is illustrated in Fig. 203. 
Fig. 203.—Mineola indigenella Zell.; a, a singie case; b, case covered with leaves; 
c, front part of caterpillar; d, moth. After Riley. 
The best remedy we possess against it is to pick off the 
cases with the crumpled leaves during the time when the 
tree is bare of foliage, and to burn them, In extreme cases 
an early application of any of the arsenical insecticides will 
prove successfull. 
THE WALNUT CASE-BEARER. 
(Mineola juglandis LeB.). 
There are a number of other case-inhabiting caterpillars 
and the one living on the walnut and hickory is found quite 
often but by no means as common as the one just described. 
The caterpillar of this insect makes a straight case, which is 
also much more neatly woven together on the outside. It 
is attached with its smaller posterior end to the main leaf- 
stalk, and the eaterpillar draws down and fastens two of 
the leaflets to hide it and then feeds upon it from the point 
