GRAPHOLITHIDS. 239 
are deposited, the caterpillars of which appear early in July, 
succeeded by the perfect insect, which deposits the eggs that 
remain dormant until the following spring. 
The caterpillar is green, with a few hairs scattered over 
the surface of its body. Like other leaf rollers it feeds upon 
the tender growing shoots, drawing the leaves together, 
fastening them with silken threads and concealing itself 
within the enclosure. As soon as full grown it spinsa slight 
cocoon, either among the leaves on the vine or among leaves 
and rubbish on the ground, and there changes to the pupal 
state, which lasts from ten to twelve days. 
All cranberry insects can be largely destroyed by flood- 
ing the bogs at the proper time; the vines should be kept 
under water for two or three days, which will kill all insects 
reached by it. Where this remedy can not be applied we 
have to use the arsenical poisons. 
THE APPLE LEAE-SEWER. 
(Phoxopteris nubeculana Clem.). 
This oddly marked moth ( Fig. 223) is white, with brown 
markings. It deposits its eggs in June, and the caterpillar 
. is found throughout thesummer and autumn onapple leaves. 
Fig. 223.—Phoxopteris nubeculana Clein, After Riley. 
Like all leaf-rollers it folds the leaves together so that the 
edges meet, thus forming of the whole leaf a hollow case, in- 
