58 Dr. T. Wright on Fossil Echinoderms 
Fossils of No. 3. 
FISHEs. EcHINODERMATA. 
Teeth of Myliobatis, Lamna, Car- Spatangus Desmarestii, Goldf. 
charias, and Euphyllia, are abun- Pericosmus latus, Agass. 
dant. 
Mo.uvusca. CoRALLIA. 
Megasiphonia zic-zac? (allied to the Fence 
London-clay species). 
Scalaria, Pleurotoma, Mitra, Cassis, 
Rostellaria, Conus, 3 or 4 sp., 
Pecten, Ostrea, Cardita, Lucina. 
No. 4. The calcareous sandstone.—“This bed covers the 
greater part of the island of Malta. From it nearly all the build- 
ing stone is procured, and it is likewise the rock from which the 
Maltese vases are cut. The lower beds abound in Echinoderms. 
Scutella and Schizaster are not unfrequent; but Hemiaster 
Scille is the most abundant species. These Urchins are often 
seen standing out in relief on the beach, the sea having worn 
away the surrounding rock. They are very serviceable in afford- 
ing a foot-hold on the rocks, which otherwise would be danger- 
ous to land upon.” (Lord Ducie.) This bed is subdivided by 
Capt. Spratt into five strata, which he thus describes :— 
“T). is a white calcareous sandstone, lying subjacent to the 
marl, into which it quickly passes, and is from 20 to 30 feet in 
thickness. 
« F. is a bed of fine-grained sandstone, 15 to 20 feet thick, 
of a reddish-white, and sometimes gray colour. These contain 
several species of Foraminifera. 
“Fa pale yellow calcareous sandstone, often containing flinty 
nodules, from 30 to 50 feet thick. In some parts it is thinly 
stratified, and separable into brittle plates of sandstone; but 
more generally it assumes a closely bound and unstratified cha- 
racter, when it is used for buildmg; but it is very liable to 
exfoliate on exposure to the weather. 
“ G. Chocolate-coloured nodules, irregular in figure and size, 
in calcareous sandstone, with which are mixed casts-of shells, 
Caryophyllia, and other organisms ; also fishes’ teeth, vertebra, 
and coprolites are very abundant. All the nodules are of 
organic origin ; it is, in fact, a bone-bed of considerable extent, 
for it preserves a very uniform character throughout the islands ; 
but in Gozo it is more developed, and contains more remains ; 
especially in a flat ledge just above the sea-level, under the cliffs 
of Fort Chambray, and at Marsa il Forno, on the north-east 
coast, where its durability has checked the encroachment of the 
sea. Its thickness is estimated at from 2 to 8 feet. 
“ H. A close-grained, pale yellow sandstone, incapable of being 
