84. Dr. T. Wright on Fossil Echinoderms 
cornua of which approaches the anal opening ; below the fasciole 
there is another group of small perforated tubercles and a 
copious granulation ; the crescentic depressions, subanal fasciole, 
and this group form together a triangle, the base of which lies 
before the anus, and its apex points towards the mouth ; around 
this opening five pair of short poriferous zones indicate the 
termination of the ambulacral areas. 
Affinities and differences.—The form of the ambulacral areas, 
the shortness of the anterior poriferous zone, and the size and 
depth of the areolar spaces around the cylinders of the large 
tubercles, together with the carinated elevation in the middle of 
the interambulacrum, form a group of organic characters which 
sufficiently distinguish this species from its congeners. In Spa- 
tangus Desmarestii, which is found with S. Hoffmanni in the 
same beds in Westphalia, the size of the test, the absence of very 
deep areolas on the dorsal surface, the equal length of the pori- 
ferous zones of the anterior ambulacra, and the much smaller 
tubercles at the base, easily enable us to distinguish it from 
S. Hoffmanni. 
Stratigraphical range and localities.—It is found at Malta in 
bed No. 4, the calcareous sandstone, and in Westphalia; it has 
been collected from the Miocene at Doberg near Biinde, and at 
Astrapp near Osnabruck. 
Spatangus De Konincki, Wright, n. sp. 
Test cordate, depressed before, elevated behind by the develop- 
ment of dorsal and basal median carine on the single inter- 
ambulacrum ; ambulacral areas short and broadly petaloid ; 
anteal sulcus slight; depression of the single ambulacrum 
inconsiderable ; several large tubercles between the petaloidal 
ambulacra; posterior border obliquely truncated downwards 
and forwards ; anal opening large and circular ; basal tubercles 
of moderate size; basal portions of the postero-lateral ambu- 
lacra form two smooth tracks destitute of tubercles between 
the posterior border and the mouth. 
Dimensions.—Antero-posterior diameter 1,5, inch; transverse 
diameter 1,4, inch; height at the interambulacrum 32 ths of an 
inch. 
Description.—An imperfect specimen of this Urchin was at 
first mistaken for a small variety of Spatangus Desmarestii, 
Goldf., and entered under that name in the list of fossils from 
bed No. 2. Having lately obtained a better specimen of this 
form, we are now enabled to give a description of it, which will 
be found to differ in many essential points from that species, to 
which it was at first referred. The test is regularly cordate, 
