146 Mr. J. Lycett on the so-called Sands 
lunularis, Modiola ungulina, Gresslya abducta, and Modiola com- 
pressa. The upper zone contains in addition the following 
Oolitic species:—Cypricardia cordiformis, Hinnites abjectus, 
Astarte excavata, Sow., var., A. detrita, Macrodon Hirsonensis, 
Modiola Sowerbii, Gervillia Hartmanni, Gresslya conformis, 
Homomya crassiuscula. Pecten teatorius and Turbo capitaneus 
appear to have a considerable stratigraphical range, as they are 
found from the Upper Lias to the Inferior Oolite inclusive. Of 
the eighteen Ammonites, which appear to include fifteen distinct 
species, several are undoubtedly derived from forms which occur 
in the higher beds of the Upper Lias shale of the counties of 
York and Somerset ; others seem to be proper to the stage, and 
not one of the Ammonites passes upwards into the Inferior 
Oolite. The Brachiopoda appear to be entirely Liassic deriva- 
tives ; and even Rhynchonella cynocephala, which, from its abun- 
dance and wide diffusion, seems to offer a good designation for 
the stage (Cynocephala-stage), is perhaps nothing more than a 
variety of R. acuta,—the number of plaits, whether anterior or 
lateral, affording no constant or reliable distinctive character ; 
in other respects the general figure of both is absolutely the 
same. The single Nautilus, N. latidorsatus, is also Liassic. On 
the other hand, in the numerous Conchifera the Liassic element 
nearly disappears altogether, and we find a considerable infusion 
of the Oolitic, leaving, however, no inconsiderable number of 
species which appear to be proper to the stage. It is indeed a 
very striking but undoubted fact, that of the very numerous 
Liassic Conchifera and Gasteropoda, not more than four or five 
are continued into the Cynocephala-stage, and even of these 
two only are found in the upper zone. The more common 
Upper Lias Ammonites (Lias Epsilon) are equally absent in the 
Cynocephala-stage, as A. communis, A. serpentinus, A. bifrons, 
A. annulatus, A. exaratus,’ A. elegans, Y. & B., A. fimbriatus. 
A. striatulus is strictly identical with the Liassic form ; but the 
common Cotteswold form of A. variabilis var. dispansus offers 
well-marked distinctions from the Liassic variety, which, as it is 
the A. Beant of Simpson, may be termed the variety Beanii. 
The variety dispansus is more compressed, the volutions more 
enveloped ; both the fasciated tubercles and the ribs are smaller, 
less prominent and more numerous; the ribs being much more 
curved near to the keel. The Liassic variety, however, occurs very 
rarely at Frocester Hill. Ammonites opalinus 1 have omitted 
altogether, as the single specimen found lying upon the ground 
at Haresfield Hill may have been derived from those superin- 
cumbent Inferior Oolite beds to which it has been referred by 
Quenstedt and Oppel. The species alluded to is the opalinus of 
Reinecke, Zieten, and Quenstedt, but not the primordialis of 
