IV PREFACE. 



Flower Beetles were well brought forward (see pp. 96 — 105), and 

 attack of the caterpillars of the Diamond-back Moth was only too 

 notably present. 



Mangold-leaf Maggot was most unusually prevalent, and 

 Mangold or Beet Carrion Beetle (an excessively rare infestation 

 on crops in England) was once again present, though only to a 

 slight extent. Celevj-stem Fly was another rarely observed 

 infestation. 



Amongst fruit attacks the injuries caused by the caterpillars 

 of the Apple and Plum Sawflies to the growing fruit, were infes- 

 tations which have been little brought forward before. Kaspberry 

 attacks were also severe in various localities last year, and Mite- 

 galls of the Black Currant continued to be a serious cause of 

 loss to growers. 



The success of the treatment adopted at Toddington and 

 various other places for destruction of various kinds of " Orchard 

 Caterpillars " by use of Paris-green sprayings, or by use of 

 Paris-green, and also of sticky-bandings, will be found under 

 heading of Orchard Caterpillars. 



The remarkable and very injurious attack to Strawberry 

 growth which appeared in 1890 in Kent, causing a malformation 

 of the plant, but especially of the flowering portions, until, from 

 the swollen and stunted appearance, they assumed the form of 

 small Cauliflowers, has been little noticed in the past season.* 



'■'■• This was caused bj' the presence of Eel-worms of species previously 

 unrecorded, of the gemis A2)hcle?ic]iii.s, and named by Dr. J. Ritzema Bos, of 

 Wageningen, Holland, to whom I forwarded specimens, appropriately as the 

 Aplielenclius fragaricc. Under this name Dr. Eitzema Bos has published 

 various minute scientific papers on the subject, one entitled " De liloomkool- 

 ziekte der Aardbeiten," and in his papers, and ni3- more popular notice in my 

 ' 14th Report,' we have adopted for the popular name that of " CauliHower 

 disease " of the Strawberry. Thus we follow the well and long known 

 Engl'sh, foreign, and American plan of naming forms of plant disease arising 

 I'rom Eel-worm presence, from their altered a})pcarancc, as " Tulip-root," 

 Pine-apple disease. Root Knot, &c. Since the publication in our respective 

 l)apers of the record of our observations (in which I had the honour of working 

 with, I believe, I may say the highest authority on this branch of nematode 

 observations), much of this information has been given bj' Dr. N. A. Cobb, 

 at pp. 890 — 393 of the number for July, 1891, of the 'Agricultural Gazette' 

 of New South Wales. The authorship is duly acknowledged, but very 

 unfortunately the name is altered by Dr. Cobb to " Strawberry Bunch." 

 Therefore as "bunch" conveys no dehnite meaning, and "CauliHower 

 disease " conveys the appearance excellently, I have thought it permissible 

 (after consultation with Dr. Ritzema Bos) to draw attention to it being 

 undesirable to change a name carefully given on accepted long-standing 

 principles by the original observers ; thoroughly ac(piiesced in by gi'owers ; 

 and established in scientific treatises of three nations, for one bearing no 

 distinctive meaninrj. — Eu. 



