DIAMOXD-BACK MOTH. 123 



affecting the Turnips, Mr. Ward forwarded specimens of Diamond- 

 back caterpillars then ravaging the leaves (of wbicli some were gone 

 into cocoon), and also some of the injured leaves. Mr. Ward 

 remarked: — "I now forward you specimens of green caterpillars 

 ravaging the leaves of Turnip, with leaves damaged by them (is this 

 the Diamond-back Moth ?). The Wood Pigeons have been very 

 destructive with the leaves of the Swede-turnip this season ; I pre- 

 sume it is through this attack of caterpillars." 



Replies to inquiries in circular (see p. 110) : — 



(2). " Where stimulating manure (nitrate of soda) has been applied, 

 Swedes appear to have more vigour after severe attack has passed 

 away ; not tried any spraying. 



(3). " Heavy showers undoubtedly have done good. 



(4). "Friable loam; farmyard manure ploughed under deep in 

 winter, a dressing of 5 cwt. steamed bones, and 1^ cwt. nitrate applied 

 when Turnips were sown ; no salt used. 



(5). " Remarkably dry winter and spring ; no particular weed." — 

 T. H. W. 



Cheshire. — Bradivall Reformatory, Sandhach, August 15th. From 

 Mr. S. Suffield. 



Replies to inquiries in circular (see p. 110) : — 



(1). " Estimate of loss per acre, £10. 



(2). " Nitrate of soda at the rate of 2 cwt. per acre as a top 

 dressing, to push forward the growth of plants, is, I believe, very 

 beneficial ; it acted well for our Turnips. 



(3). " Very heavy thunder showers might shake the leaves, and 

 cause the caterpillars to fall to the ground ; but I believe a good strong 

 wind would disturb the plants a great deal more. 



(4). " Nature of land heavy, strong soil ; spade and fork culture 

 nearly throughout August in the autumn to the depth of 8 or 

 9 in. ; gave part a light dressing and part a heavier dressing of gas- 

 lime (the heavy dressing w^ould be at the rate of 3 tons per acre, and 

 the light one 1^ tons per acre) about the 19th of December; allowed it 

 to remain on the top until March ; and where the heavier dressing was 

 put very little destruction was done by the caterpillar. Good litter 

 manure was used at the rate of 12 tons per acre, also a specially 

 prepared artificial manure of 5 cwt. per acre ; 1 cwt. of salt per acre 

 was part of the artificial manure. 



(5). " Wet weather in previous autumn ; the land free from weeds. 



(6, 7). " Cannot say."— S. S. 



Lancashiee. — Estate Office, Lytham, August 10th. From Mr. Thos. 

 Fair. — " I am forwarding to you two small caterpillars" (of Diamond- 



