DIAMOND-BACK MOTH. 125 



suffered most is the best of the lot. I do notice, however, that my 

 Swedes have been more to leaf than usual. Whether this is due to 

 the weather or the soot, or that Nature has overdone it, so to speak, 

 in recovering from the attack, I cannot say." — E. B. 



On application, on the 21st December, to Mr. Rowland Burdon for 

 some further points of information, he favoured me with detailed 

 observations of attack on his farm of Horden Hall (Castle Eden, 

 Co. Durham), drawn up by his farm bailiff, Mr. John Grindley, from 

 which I give below the main points. It will be observed that the 

 attack was markedly noticed, both as to first appearance, and also as 

 to being most injurious on the plants nearest the sea. 



Field of 19 acres, of which 16 acres were sown with Swedes on the 

 8th and 9th of May. A portion of the field badly attacked by 

 Diamond-backs. Soot applied to this portion at the rate of 2 cwt. 

 to the acre on the 7th and 8th of August. 



Another field of 24 acres ; 14 acres sown with Swedes on the 22nd 

 of May. Attacked severely by Diamond-back. Soot applied August 

 6th at the rate of 2 cwt. to the acre, sown by hand, one drill at a time, 

 the sower stooping a little, and keeping his hand low at the delivery. 

 The plants at date (August 6th) looking bad ; the leaves almost 

 covered by Diamond-backs, perforated ; younger shoots withered, 

 sapless, and of a pale brown colour. The remaining portion sown 

 with Aberdeen Yellow Turnip-seeds on 13th to 18th of June, and not 

 affected. After the soot was applied it was not long before the pests 

 appeared to drop from the leaves to the ground, the plants recovering. 

 Three single horse-hoes were put on, doubling the drills as they were 

 done in opposite directions. The observer (Mr. Grindley) especially 

 notes : — " From the close observations and examinations I made, I am 

 thoroughly satisfied that the soot did not kill the Diamond-back, only 

 dislodged it, strengthening and increasing the growth of the plant." 

 He also noted that " this field is situated direct east of the above, and 

 almost adjoining the sea, and was the first where the moth appeared." 

 —J. G. 



In the other field reported, three acres were sown with Swedes on 

 the 24th of May, and seven acres with Aberdeen Yellow Turnips on 

 the 10th of June. These were treated with gas-lime, 12 cwt. to the 

 acre, on the Brd and 4th of August, the plants at this time being 

 perforated, the drill-ends adjoining the sea worst. " The gas-lime did 

 little good to any part ; in fact, drill-ends of both kinds of plants 

 adjoining the coast were horse-hoed, redrilled, and sown with Eape. 

 1 might also add that the same results followed from a small portion 

 I tried, as an experiment, with quicklime and superphosphate." — J. G. 



Enclosing the above (Jan. 6th, 1892), I was favoured by a note 

 from Mr. Burdon, in which he observed;--"! tried nothing, as you 



