
By William Gowland, FS.A., FIC. 5 
It is hence evident that a letter from either of the side pieces, 
together with one from either of the cross pieces, indicates definitely 
the position of any square foot of area in a horizontal plane within 
the frame. 
The vertical rod is marked with numbers instead of letters, each 
number representing a 6 inch vertical space. 
By combining one of these numbers, with two of the letters 
indicating a square foot of horizontal area, the exact position of a 
space 12 inches by 12 inches by 6 inches in any part of the exca- 
vation is accurately registered. 
Each plot of ground excavated was marked with a distinctive 
Roman numeral. See plan of the excavations. 
The positions of the objects found were thus accurately recorded 
without difficulty. 
For example, an object in Excavation III. Division CM and 
Layer 5 would be registered III. 5 CM, which signifies that it was 
found in Excavation III. in the fifth 6 inch layer from the datum 
line, and in the square situated 2 feet from the end and 1 foot 
from each side of the digging. 
It will thus be seen that the whole of the objects unearthed 
could, if necessary, be put back into the exact positions in which 
they were found. 
Each excavation was made of a definite area. Its position was 
accurately laid down with reference to the middle line of the stone 
at the datum line and plotted on the plan. 
Before commencing to dig, the registering frame was fitted in a 
horizontal position around the area to be excavated, and at the 
level of the datum line, and the space within it pegged out and 
divided by means of cords and iron pins into strips 1 foot wide. 
The turf was taken off in 1 foot squares, and was subsequently 
examined. The material from each excavation was taken out in 
3 or 6 inch layers of approximately one square foot in area, except 
in one or two places honeycombed with rabbit burrows, when it 
was removed in strips one foot in breadth, and in the solid chalk 
rock, when the digging was carefully watched. 
In tunneling beneath stone No. 55a Excavation Q, the positions 
