78 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. 
Flints caps the chalk plateaus over the southern portion of the area, but 
not on the Plain around Stonehenge. As to the Plateau Gravel, the 
memoir states that ‘‘ Outliers of Plateau, or High Terrace Gravel—for 
the gravel-covered plateaus where well-preserved are seen to be 
merely parts of terraces bounded by still higher bluffs—have only been 
mapped in the south-eastern part of our area, in the country immediately 
around Salisbury.” ‘Dr. H. P. Blackmore has here [Bishopsdown, 
between Salisbury and Old Sarum, 300 feet above the sea] found rude 
flint implements of ‘ Kolithic’ type. He has also found similar imple- 
ments on Thorny Down (533 feet), Laverstock (486 feet), Burroughs 
Hill (819 feet); but, unfortunately, exposures are seldom visible in the 
higher outliers, and we cannot say to what extent implements found on 
or near the surface may belong to the gravel, or whether this gravel is 
truly of fluviatile origin.” In a large pit, however, south of Ivychurch, 
Dr. Blackmore ‘has found many rude Eolithic implements at all levels 
in the gravel,” which is here 12 to 15 feet thick. 
From the Brick Earths of Fisherton the following species of mammalia 
are noted as having been found by Dr. Blackmore :— 



Bos bison Hyena crocuta 
taurus var. primigenius Lepus variabilis ? 
Canis lagopus Microtus nivalis 
—— lupus ratticeps 
vulpes Myodes torquatus 
Cervus elaphus Ovibos moschatus 
Elephas primigenius Rangifer tarandus 
Equus caballus Rhinoceros antiquitatis 
Felis leo Spermophilus erythrogenoides 
‘No trace of erratics has yet been met with in this area, and it seems 
probable that the peculiar far-transported blocks seen in the middle of 
Stonehenge were brought from low lands now destroyed by, or sunk be- 
neath the sea, lying off the present mouth of theAvon. An erratic-strewn 
plain only rising a few feet above the present sea-level seems in quite 
recent geological times to have fringed our south coast, though now it is 
only to be seen on the lee side of the Isle of Wight, especially in the 
Selsey peninsula; whence P. J. Martin suggested that the igneous blocks 
in Stonehenge were derived. But that these erratics are not merely 
confined to the Sussex coast is proved by the abundance of similar far- 
transported blocks under the sea as far west as Torbay and the Eddystone. 
Three or four thousand years ago, which seems to be the approximate date 
of the erection of Stonehenge, a belt of flat land like that of Selsey 
probably existed under the lee of the Isle of Purbeck; and over such 
a flat blocks of rock originally from Brittany, Cornwall, and the Channel 
Islands, might be collected and carried up the Avon on rafts.” 
It is needless to say that this memoir and map are of the first im- 
portance for the study of the geology of South Wilts. 
‘‘ Chronology of Wilton, also an account of its Bishops, Abbesses, 
Rectors, Mayors, Members of Parliament, Churches, Royal Charters, 

