Bji Harold Bmkspear, F.S.A. 571 



4 feet deep, formed of hard stone set on edge. Nortliward was a 

 doorway of which the north jamb remained. By this alteration the 

 kitchen, which now was 36 feet from east to west by 25 feet wide, 

 was moved up to the western range and a new room, on the site of 

 the old kitchen, was formed between it and the frater. This room 

 served partly as a serving place for the frater and may also have 

 been a scullery or a pastry house.'- In its north-west angle, just 

 inside the door from the kitchen, was the support for a water tank, 

 and the lead pipe from it was found leading towards the kitchen. 

 Under the middle of the floor of the later kitchen was a stone 

 drain 9 inches wide running northward and joining, close against 

 the north wall, another drain running westward. This seemed to 

 form an overflow to yet another drain or waste which was taken 

 tlirough the north wall by an arch 9i inches wide, having a wooden 

 shutter. On the north side of the kitchen, and partly against the 

 western range, was a small added chamber, 13 feet from east to 

 west by 11 feet wide, that may have been for a scullery. 



The Cellaeeu's Building. 



On the west side of the cloister of Cistercian houses, or separated 

 therefrom by a court, as at Stanley, was a long range of building 

 which formed the house of the lay-brothers (conversi) who were 

 under the mastership of the cellarer.- It contained a dorter on 

 the first floor over a frater and cellarage. The lay-brothers also 

 had an infirmary generally distinct from the range. As the building 

 contained other apartments, beside those occupied by the lay- 

 brothers, but also under the charge of the cellarer, it became 

 known as the cellarer's building [cellavium). Lay-brothers among 

 other Orders were merely servants drawn from the lower classes, 

 but with the Cistercians they were often of the same social position 



'At Tintern was a similar chamber between the kitchen and the frater, 

 found last year by the writer. 



- Cistercian Statutes, Yorkshire Archceulogical Journal, x. 232. The 

 cellarer was the officer ne.xt in importance to the prior, and had the manage- 

 ment, under the abbot, of all the temporal matters of the house. 



