242 



In savage warfare treachery is usually combined with boldness 

 in attack, whilst a prudent regard for personal safety is con- 

 spicuous in defence, and many illustrations of these principles 

 have occurred in late years in the wars of civilized nations with 

 savages, as in New Zealand, in Africa, and in North America. 

 In our war with natives of New Zealand, thirty years ago, an 

 attack was made on the Gate Pah, when, after three or four 

 days fighting and the loss of many valuable ofiicers and men, 

 an entrance was effected, only two or three wounded Maoris 

 were found left in the Pah ; although it had been supposed to 

 have been completely surrounded by our forces, the Maoris had 

 escaped across a morass which had been regarded as impassable. 

 The greater number of our ancient Camps of GloiTcestershire 

 were admirably adapted for running away fi'om, and for iilaa- 

 trating the prudential maxim — 



" He that fights and runs away, 

 May live to fight another day ;" 



so the defenders of our ancient Gamps could, when overpowered, 

 easily steal away along the wooded sides of the hills, and re- 

 assemble atone or another of the neighbouring hill fortresses. 

 This applies especially to the Camps on the escarpments of the 

 Cotteswolds, but even the fortified isolated hills, as Little 

 Salisbury, Uley Bury, and Meon would require a very large 

 force to invest them so that their defenders would be unable to 

 make an escape. 



Of rectangular Camps there are few examples in Gloucester- 

 shire ; Sodbury is the most perfect, Bourton-on-the Water has 

 one angle remaining, the rectangular Camp on Lansdown is a 

 very slight work. 



The oval or nearly circular Camps at Windrush, Chastleton, 

 and Charlton Abbots have this peculiarity, that no advantages 

 of position have been sought by their constructors, they are 

 placed on level land ; the small circular Camps at Stow Green, 

 Lydney, Combesbury, and Michaelwood are of a different type, 

 they are situated at the termination of hill-tops. 



Some Camps have been claimed as Roman because they are 

 in the vicinity of roads supposed to have been constructed by 



