308 
These changes certainly would not evolve the nose of an 
adult Huropean from a Catarhine monkey, because the nose of 
a Catarhine monkey is more developed (further removed from 
a Platyrhine) than that of an infant. To change the nose of 
a Catarhine monkey into the nose of a baby it would be 
necessary to suppose a reversion of development, followed by a 
renewal of the development which produces narrow-nosed adult 
from broad-nosed infant. 
On the other hand, to suppose the Catarhini and Man 
both the descendants of a Platyrhine monkey—to consider 
Man, not as a descendant, but merely as a development homo- 
plastic of the Catarhini, only requires one to imagine that 
under certain conditions a Platyrhine nose develops into a 
Catarhine nose; and that this is the order of developmental 
change is seen by the fact that the broad-nosed baby becomes 
the narrower-nosed man. 
There is a curious piece of evidence which seems to support 
the contention that Man is a descendant of the Platyrhine 
monkeys. I have mentioned the furrow beneath the nose—so 
very conspicuous in young children; and I hav> said this 
furrow probably represents the divided lip grown together 
again. I was curious to know which of the monkeys shewed 
this furrow, and I asked a friend to inspect the specimens in 
the Zoological Gardens for me. The answer I received was :— 
“In Cebus fatuellus, the Capuchin, the only Platyrhine 
monkey I could see, there is a distinct groove which passes 
from between the nostrils to the upper lip, increasing in inten- 
sity downwards. In none of the Catarhini that I saw, namely, 
Maeacus, various species, Cercopithecus, and Cynocephalus is 
there any trace of a median groove—instead the nasal septum 
passes downwards towards the lip below the level of the 
nostrils. In “Sally,” the Chimpanzee, there was, as in other 
Catarhini, no median groove.” This absence of the furrowed 
lip in Catarhine monkeys is certainly very important. 
[Since this paper was written, I have, by the kindness of 
Dr Gunther, for which I return my best thanks, been able to 
handle specimens from the cases of the British Museum ; and I 
