310 
homoplastic but not homogeneous. The fact that Mau agrees 
with the Catarhines in his dentition is no proof that he is not 
descended from an independent stock, the members of which 
have died out ; because decrease in number of teeth has been a 
developmental process started long before the Platyrhines, and 
this developmental process would continue in separate stocks, 
producing homoplastic results.* On the other hand, though it 
seems curious to place more stress on the furrow in the lip than 
on the teeth, this furrow once lost would not be evolved again 
except for some very special reason.t The possession of this 
relic by Man and its absence in the Catarhine monkeys points 
to the latter being, so far as this feature is concerned, more 
advanced than Man, and shews that Man and the Catarhine 
monkeys are independent homoplastic developments from a 
Platyrhine ancestor.{ 
Looking at the various races of Man it may be seen that 
the flat nose with broad nostrils prevails much more than the 
elongate nose with narrow nostrils. Certainly the Fuegians— 
usually considered a very low type of mankind—have very 
elongate noses; but the broad nose of our infants differs 
entirely from that, nor can the Fuegians’ nose have developed 
into the nose of our infants, except by supposing a complete 
reversal of the developmental change observable in ourselves in 
the course of life. 
On the other hand, another very low race of men, the 
Bosjesman or Bushman of South Africa, have the broad, flat 
nose. The description of them by the Rev. J. G. Wood$ 
I summarize as follows :— 
* And is in continuance in the present day. The Carnivora too are examples 
of similar reduction in number of teeth. 
[+A furrow divides the nostrils and lip in the human embryo six weeks 
old. Haeckel “ Anthropogenie,” Vol. II,, Ed. 4, p, 670, fig. 329. The nose and 
lip have a facies something between that of the Lemurs and Platyrhines. ] 
[ t The furrow becomes obsolete in adult and senile man—more noticeable in 
the female, because of the absence of moustache. This shews that it is in a 
retrogressive condition. The absence of the furrow in senile man and in the 
Catarhini is thus shewn to be homoplastic but not homogenous, ] 
§ “Nat. Hist. Man.” Vol. I., p. 265, et seg. 
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