226 
Loew terms it the breast-bone (Brustgrate), and this name 
is used by the American authors, Packard, Osten-Sacken, and 
others: Osten-Sacken looking upon it as the homologue of the 
pair of prolegs found in allied families (Chironomidae). 
Ratzburg considers it as the homologue of the mentum; while 
Hagen has just recently stated that he finds its homologue in 
the labrum ; Miss Ormerod considers it may in some way assist 
in preparing the larva’s food. The term “Anchor process,” 
has been used for the organ in this country. The view of Baron 
Osten-Sacken is a most rational one. I have certainly seen the 
organ used by a Wheat Midge larva to assist it in retaining its 
position without other support, high on the maturing ovary of a 
wheat-floret. It varies slightly in form in different species, but 
between that of C. tritici and those of several true gall inhabitants 
I have been unable to detect the slightest difference, and it can- 
not be looked on as a character of much value in discriminating 
species. It is a question whether it is present in all the Cecido- 
myid larvee or not, and one which it would be highly important 
to have answered, before forming any decided opinions on the 
function of this organ. Ina carefully stained example dissected 
from a larva from the Lime, muscles were attached to the inner 
extremity of this organ, as described and figured by Wagner. 
Many of the larve spin cocoons, some remaining inside the 
galls to pupate, others, the majority, leaving and pupating in 
the ground. This too is the case with most of the non-gall- 
making species. 
During the past summer the following observations have 
been made on the galls produced on the Limes, (Tilia europza) 
in our College Garden, by a Cecidomyia, or rather a Diplosis, 
probably the OC. floricola, Rudow. This species has been 
recorded as British by Professor Trail in his valuable papers on 
Scottish Galls, (Scottish Naturalist, No. RLV 1 p- 255, April, 
1882). These papers by Trail, written chiefly from the botan- 
ist’s point of view, have during the past 16 years appeared from 
time to time in the Magazine quoted, and form an important 
contribution to our knowledge of Cecidomyid galls in Britain ; 
they are of the highest value to students. They deal with galls 
