PROCEEDINGS OF THE COTTESWOLD CLUB 233 



portion of the range had to force its upward way. 

 Among these metamorphic rocks they classed the gneiss 

 and schists of the chain. Later investigations, however, 

 in which a micro.scopic examination of the rocks has had 

 a prominent part, go to show that Professor PhilHps was 

 right, and the term "shearing" is used to describe the 

 [)ecuhar action of broken masses of rock on one another, 

 which according to this theory has caused the short 

 irregular veins that almost everywhere meet the eye. 



In this explanation of some of the complicated phen- 

 omena of the Malvern chain, Mr Acland entirely concurs; 

 and again and again in the course of the drive, he led the 

 Cotteswold Club into quarry and cutting, in successful 

 search of evidence to support the theory. In one quarry 

 he caused a mild sensation. Solemnly asking the party to 

 take off their hats, he silently pointed to a small mound. 

 All anxiously awaited what was to follow. " This is the 

 " spot," said Mr Acland in measured tones, " this is the 

 " spot where Miss Phillips found the celebrated conglom- 

 " erate." The geologists of the party at once appreciated 

 the sanctity of the locality. 



A long and systematic investigation had led Professor 

 Phillips to think it probable that the Malvern ridge had 

 not been erupted in a hquid state through all the Silurian 

 strata, but that some parts of it, at least, were solidified 

 at an earlier period. His sister, who shared his geological 

 enthusiasm, sought diligently for evidence in proof, and 

 one day her search was rewarded with success. From 

 the middle of heaps of fallen stones, apparently all igneous 

 trap-rock, Miss Phillips collected several masses of con- 

 glomerate, or breccia, full of Silurian shells associated 

 with pebbles, and fragments of the Malvern syenite and 

 other eruptive rocks. 



The next thing to determine was the position of this 

 conglomerate in relation to the crystalline mass of the 

 hill. This was a work of much difficulty, owing to the 



