118 PROCEEDINGS COTTESWOLD CLUB 1903 
Some of the flints from the lower bed are chipped and 
suggest artificial work. Mr O. A. Shrubsole, F.G.S., has 
made a similar observation.* 
SUMMARY.—My suggestions with regard to the Moreton 
Gravel are: It is of Pliocene Age, of fluviatile origin, and 
much of the upper bed was transported by ice. The 
vertical position of the materials is not the only evidence 
for ice transport, the absolutely sharp edges of the flints is 
a most important matter. They could not have been 
subjected to any action of running or moving water. 
Lt, 
BY C. CALLAWAY, M.A., D.Sc., F.G.S. 
It is difficult to accept the view that the Moreton gravels 
were deposited by a river. The flints must have been 
conveyed from an easterly direction, probably from the 
north-east; and a river coming from Cretaceous rocks in 
Lincolnshire or Yorkshire would have to cross low ground 
and flow up-hill to reach the Moreton valley. The evidence 
of the flints is confirmed by the presence in the gravels of 
the district of fragments of red chalk, which was only 
found in Lincolnshire and Norfolk. Such a river as is 
supposed by this hypothesis could not have existed in 
Post-Pleiocene, and probably not even in Pleiocene or 
Meiocene times. On the other hand, the southward 
movement of ice over England in the Glacial Epoch is a 
recognised fact, and would very naturally account for the 
presence of pebbles of quartzite and large unrolled flints 
in the Moreton valley, the former being derived from the 
north, the latter from the north-east. Whether land-ice, 
or ice floating in the sea, acted as the transporting agent, 
is a question to which the present evidence appears not to 
furnish a decisive answer. Mr Reade’s large experience 
of glacial deposits certainly entitles his theory to every 
consideration. 
1 Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., Vol. lv., p. 222, 1899. 
