192 PROCEEDINGS COTTESWOLD CLUB 1903 
terrestrial and fresh-water species. He also states that at 
Defford the same intermixture occurs in gravel about 
35 feet above the Avon. This section is at about the 
same level as the deposit containing the Mammoth and 
marine shells at Upton-on-Severn, and is only four miles © 
distant. It is therefore reasonable to infer that the Severn 
gravels with mammalian remains and marine testacea are 
of the same age as the Avon deposits yielding the same 
mammalian species and fresh-water shells, and that both 
are of lacustrine or fluviatile origin. 
As bearing upon the genesis of our Severn gravels, I 
would recall your attention to a collection of mammalian 
bones exhibited by Mr Ellis at one of our winter meetings. 
They had been found during recent excavations for the 
new wing of the Gloucester Infirmary. Mr Richardson 
has kindly furnished me with a note of the discovery, 
from which the following particulars are extracted. The 
bones were about 10 feet below the surface, being 
imbedded at the base of a bed of gravel, which rested on 
Lias clay, and was overlain by blackish loam. The gravel 
thickened in the direction of Parliament Street at the 
expense of the Lias. attaining a maximum, according to a 
workman, of about 6 feet. Attached to some of the bones 
were pieces of Lias clay, with Gryphea arcuata. Mr E. 
T. Newton, F.R.S., of the Geological Survey, has been 
kind enough to determine the species. They are Los or 
Lrison (atlas, axis, vertebra, metacarpal, and fragment of 
ulna), Aguus caballus (femur), Rhinoceros (humerus), and 
(?) Zlephas (femur), but too fragmentary for exact deter- 
mination. ‘The gravels containing this fauna are probably 
of the same age and origin as the deposits in the Worcester 
district, which have yielded mammalian fossils. 
You will have observed that I have limited my conclu- 
sions to the lower part of the Severn valley. I have done 
so because the evidence advanced by Murchison and others 
