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VOL. XIV. (3) WOOLHOPE ANTICLINE 259 
If the plan of the uplift be circular or an ellipse, two 
sets of stresses have predominated, the radial and the 
peripheral. The radial pressures were relieved by the 
uprise of the strata in domical form; the peripheral by 
folding or shearing, the inevitable result of the reduction 
of circumferential girth, unless indeed the peripheral 
portions could give way by simple thickening, a very 
unlikely result. Let us apply these principles to the 
Woolhope dome. It is quite evident that it is not due to 
the injection of fluid rock, for, as Dr Callaway has 
explained, the central core is of May Hill Sandstone, and 
there are no volcanic rocks associated with the structure. 
There are also positive evidences of the uplift having been 
due to converging pressure. The axis of the dome is 
north-west and south-east. It is pear-shaped, the convex 
head of the pear being to the north-west. According to 
the principle enunciated, a reduction of the circumference 
by folding has taken place. The I in.-scale geological map 
shows this clearly by the horizontal folds therein depicted. 
This horizontal movement is further emphasized by the 
fault cutting the head of the pear, since it strikes in a 
north-easterly direction, shifting the rocks by a horizontal 
throw. 
The Malvern folding lying to the east of the Woolhope 
dome takes on a north and south alignment, no doubt 
influenced by earlier displacement and the form of the 
rock-floor on which the Silurians were laid down. Here 
again horizontal folds, due to pressure acting at different 
angles are to be traced. ‘Thus it is seen that uplifts having 
different axial directions may take place contemporaneously, 
and at no great distance from each other. The questions 
involved are very intricate and very interesting; but as a 
generalisation I may say that, taken on a more extended 
scale, the great formations tend to assume low domical 
forms. 
