24 PROCEEDINGS OF THE COTTESWOLD CLUB 



from Malvern, with characteristic corals and hrachiojjods, 

 and from it he olnaincd a large houldcr of Caradoc lime- 

 stone two feet six inches long, and one foot six inches 

 wide, (now in the Gloucester Museum) Lickey quartz, j)ieces 

 of Carboniferous Limestone, a j)icce of hard chalk, and 

 Gryphoea Incuroa and other foss Is from the Lower Lias. 

 The denudation of the Lias round high hills forms an 

 interesting chapter in drift history to trace out, and shows 

 what must have hcen the position of Lias during the 

 latter |)art of the quarternary period. As a rule, there is 

 a striking continuity of drift terraces upon the slopes of 

 the hills, ranging from forty to three hundred feet ahove 

 the sea, and it is in those, that Mammalian remains are 

 found. 



Dividing the drift period into three great divisions, with 

 several intermediate stages, Mr Lucy said these are : — 

 (i) A great subsidence of the land underneath the sea 

 and strong currents, l)ringing icebergs into our valleys, 

 transporting rocks w'ith them from Scotland and the 

 North of England and depositing them, as seen in our 

 Midland Counties, and, though reduced in size, in our 

 Northern Cotteswolds and on Cleevc Hill. (2) An up- 

 heaval of the land took place, and the hills appeared from 

 beneath the sea with a less cold climate, and land ice, 

 frozen snow, and heavy rainfall liecame the principal 

 agents in distributing the drifts. (3) Another depression 

 of the land, which afterwards rose again above, the sea, 

 and although less cold, the temperature in winter was 

 sufficiently low to form land ice, and it is not improbable, 

 it is to this date, that the drift brought down from higher 

 levels and re-deposited, may be referred. Several minor 

 oscillations of the land took place subsequently, and the 

 sea again came up the estuary of the Severn, levelling the 

 gravels brought down by the land ice, of which there are 

 examples in the pits extending from Berkeley to 

 Worcester, often two or three miles from the present 



