PROCEEDINGS OF THE COTTESWOLD CLUB 77 



and weapons made only of flint, stone, and hone, and 

 Ijuried their dead hy inhumation in long, horned-end 

 harrows. The later raee were taller and stronger, were 

 acquainted with the use of metal as well as of stone, 

 practised cremation, and disposed of the cremated remains 

 hencath circular mounds of earth. 



THE EVIDENCE OF HIS'IORY AND PLACE-NAMES 



The knowledge thus o!)tained agrees with and is 

 supplemented hy the records of history. The long 

 barrow men belonged to the Iberian race, which long ago 

 inhabited a great part of Western Europe, and whose 

 nearest modern re^jresentatives are the Basques of the 

 Pyrenees. The round barrow men, to judge from their 

 osseous remains and historical records, belonged to the 

 great Celtic race which, starting from its home in the East, 

 swept across the Southern part of the Continent, seized 

 upon land in Spain and Gaul, and then landed in Britain. 

 These Celtic invaders came in two swarms, and a 

 considerable time elapsed between the two invasions. 

 The earlier swarm were the Goidels ; the later were the 

 Brythons, from whom the name of our island is derived. 

 Professor Rhys tells us that to the Goidelic race "belonged 

 " the ancestors of the people who speak Gaelic in Ireland, 

 "the Isle of Man, and the Highlands of the North;" and 

 that the Brythonic grouj) " is represented in points of 

 " speech by the people of Wales, formerly one might have 

 " added the Welsh of Cumbria, and till the last century 

 " some of those of Cornwall." * The obvious inference 

 is that the Goidels were pushed northward and westward 

 by the Brythons, who were in turn driven in the same 

 directions by a still later race. 



Traces of the Celtic occupation of the Middle Cottes- 

 wolds are also to be found in place-names. A great deal 



* " CL-ltic Britain," j). 3. 



