1900 J. BELLOWS — ROMAN ARCHITECTURE 213 



screens in the Courts, as cancelli: and the guard of 

 such a door was, hke the secretary of a judge, called 

 caiicellariiis. Trellis doors offered the two-fold advant- 

 age of giving free passage to air in hot weather, and of 

 enabling the guard to see all who approached them. 

 They could be screened from inside by curtains of purple 

 cloth ; and so completely did this arrangement come to 

 be associated with the court, that we find trellis and blue 

 cloth formed part of the regal paraphernalia on the 

 King's journeys in France in the middle ages.* In the 

 "Nuremberg Chronicle" there is a quaint old engraving 

 of the City of Buda, in which the King's palace is indi- 

 cated by treUised galleries in a building standing on the 

 same spot that is now occupied by the palace of the King 

 of Hungary. 



Used as a railing, treUis is not only elegant in form, but 

 it is stronger than balustrading, as each piece is sustained 

 by the crossing of others. The bulwarks of ships are 

 shown so constructed on some ancient coins. 



When large or heavy gates were of open work, the 

 timbers were best placed at right angles. The inner gates 

 of the City of Gloucester, which were taken down in the 

 time of Charles II. and are now in our local museum, 

 are made of three-inch bars of oak thus crossed, and 

 fastened together with iron bolts [Plate VIII., fig. 6] ; and 

 the upper portion of the " Traitors' Gate " in the Tower 

 of London is similar, but with the timbers set diagonally 

 [Plate VIII., fig. 8], as is the case in the trellis above the 

 gates in the market-house at Ross. 



* See Article " Treillis " in Littre's large dictionary. An illustration of the word 

 given from a MS of the I3tli century runs thus : 



" Toutes ses herberges estoient closes de treillis de fust, et par dehors estoient les 

 treillis couvers de toilles yndes." [His quarters were always closed in with wooden trellis, 

 and on the outer side the trellis was covered with blue cloths.] 



