RICHARD’S PIPIT. 233 
ANTHUS RICHARDI. 
RICHARD’S PIPIT. 
(Puate 14.) 
Anthus richardi, Viel. N. Dict. d’ Hist. Nat, xxvi. p. 491 (1818); et auctorum plu- 
rimorum — (Bonaparte), (Degland § Gerbe), Salvadori, (Jerdon), Dresser, 
Newton, &c. 
Corydalla richardi (Vieill.), Vigors, Zool. Journ. i. p. 411, pl. xiv. (1825). 
Anthus macronyx, Gloger, Handl. Vog. Eur. i. p. 269 (1834). 
Anthus longipes, Hollandre, Faune de la Moselle, p. 85 (1836). 
Cichlops monticolus, Hodgs. Gray’s Zool. Misc. p. 83 (1844). 
Corydalla sinensis, Bonap. Consp. i. p. 247 (1850). 
Anthus maximus, blyth, White’s Nat. Hist. Selborne, p. 262 (1850). 
Agrodromas richardi ( Veerll.), Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 216. 
This fine Pipit was discovered in 1815 by M. Richard, of Lunéville, who 
sent examples from Lorraine to Vieillot, who named it in honour of its 
discoverer. Richard’s Pipit was first described as a British species by Vigors, 
who exhibited, at a meeting of the Zoological Club of the Linnean Society, 
on the 13th of April, 1824, an example which had been netted in the fields 
near London, in October 1812. Rennie, in 1831, in his edition of Mon- 
tagu’s ‘ Ornithological Dictionary,’ records a second British example taken 
at Oxford; and Yarrell was informed by Mr. Proctor, of Durham, that he 
had shot one near Howick, Northumberland, on the 13th of February, 
1832. Since that date so many examples of this bird have been obtained, 
that we may now regard it almost as a regular straggler on autumn migra- 
tion to our islands. It has been obtained in Norfolk and Shropshire, but 
more frequently on the south coast. Edward states that he once saw this 
bird in Banffshire, but there is no other Scotch record. It does not 
appear to have ever been obtained in Ireland. 
So far as is known, Richard’s Pipit is confined during the breeding- 
season to the central portions of Asia. The northern limit of its range 
appears to be lat. 58° in the valley of the Yenesay, whence it extends 
south-east through Dauria as far as the mountains of Eastern Thibet on 
the confines of China, and south-west as far as Eastern Turkestan on the 
confines of Cashmere. It winters in India, Ceylon, the Burmese penin- 
sula, and South China. A considerable number, principally birds of the 
year, appear annually to join the western stream of migration, and find 
their way into Europe. It has occurred accidentally in Persia, and passes 
Heligoland regularly every year. It has also been found in Norway, 
Sweden, France, Spain, Italy, Germany, Russia, Asia Minor, and even in 
Algeria. Richard’s Pipit has several near allies, with some of which it 
